3445 


Brief  Notes 


Morgan 

on  the  Greek  Lyric 
Poets 


THE  LIBRARY 

OF 

THE  UNIVERSITY 

OF  CALIFORNIA 

LOS  ANGELES 

IN  MEMORY  OF 

Irving  Pichel 


PRESENTED  BY 


Mrs.   Irving  Pichel 


V/VvW-,  r',::J*A. 


BRIEF    NOTES 


ON 


THE  GREEK  LYRIC  POETS 

M.   H.   MORGAN 
Kfto  lEtittion 

REVISED   BY   C.  B.  Gl  LICK 


HARVARD   UNIVERSITY 
1903 


BRIEF    NOTES 


ON 


THE  GREEK  LYRIC  POETS 


BY 


M.   H.   MORGAN 


NciB  IStjition 


REVISED   BY   C.  B.  GULICK 


HARVARD   UNIVERSITY 

1903 


Copyright,  1895  and  1902 
By  M.  II.  Morgan 


CNIVEU8ITV    PRESS    •    JOHN    WILSON 
AND     SON      .     CAMIlRII»OB,     U.S.A. 


NOTE. 


Thh  fbllowuig  brief  notes  are  iiitciuled  to  liel[)  Freshmen  in  Harvard 
College  who  are  beginning  the  study  of  the  Elegiac,  Iambic,  and  Lyric  poets. 
The  text-book  used  is  Hiller's  fourth  edition  of  Bergk's  Antholoc/ia  Lyrica, 
revised  and  enlarged  by  0.  Crusius  (Leipzig  :  Teubner,  1897).  These  notes 
will  be  supplemented  by  lectures,  together  with  reading  in  the  various  books 
named  below.  An  asterisk  signifies  that  a  passage  so  marked  is  part  of  the 
required  reading.  Where  two  oi  more  passages  so  marked  are  included  by 
a  brace,  the  student  may  choose  among  tiiem. 


A])pleton     .     .     . 

Christ     .... 

Farnell    .     .     .     . 

G 

GMT 

HA 

M.  &  D.       ... 

Mahaffy  .... 

Mure 

Nageotte     .     . 

Schmidt      .     .     . 

Smyth    .     .     .     . 

Symonds     .     .     . 

BOOKS   REFERRED   TO    BY   ABBREVIATIONS. 


Greek  Poets  in  English  Verse,  edited  by  W.  H.  Appleton. 
Geschichte   der  griechischen    Litteratar,    von    W.    Christ. 

Dritte  Auflage,  1898. 
Greek  Lyric  Poetry.     Edited  by  G.  S.  Farnell. 
Goodwin's  Greek  Grammar,  1892. 
Goodwin's  Moods  and  Tenses,  1890. 
Hadley- Allen's  Greek  Grammar,  1884. 
Muiler  and  Donaldson's  History  of  Greek  Literature. 
History  of  Classical  Greek  Literature.     By  J.  P.  Mahaffy. 

3d  edition,  1891.     Vol.  I  in  two  parts. 
A    Critical   History  of  the    Language  and  Literature  of 

Antient  Greece.     By  W.  Mure, 
Histoire  de  la  poesie  lyrique  grccque.     Par  E.  Nageotte. 
Rhythniie  and  Metric  of  the  Classical  Languages .     By  J. 

H.  H.  Schmidt.     Translated  by  J.  W.  White. 
Greek   .Melic   Poets.     By    H.    W.    Smyth.      London    and 

New  York,  1900. 
Studies  of  the  Greek  Poets.     By  J.  A.  Symonds.     Third 

London    edition,    1893    [or,    when    cited    in    square 

brackets,  Hiuper's  American  edition],  in  two  volumes. 


Other  Books  that  may  hk  Found  ILskful. 

Sir  E   Arnold.  .  The  Poets  of  Greece.     London,  1869. 

G.  Beau .     .     .  .  La  Grhce  pnetique.     Paris,  1884. 

F.  Brooks    .     .  .  Greek  Lyric  Poets.     London,  1896. 

E.  Bucliholz    .  .  Anthologie   aus  den   Lyrikern    der   Grieclien. 

Part  1,   1900;  Part  II,   1898. 

H.  Kynaston   .  .  Poetae  Graeci.     London,  189.'). 

E.  C.  Marchant  .  A  Greek  Anthology.     London,  1899. 


Leipzig. 


860579 


Digitized  by  the  Internet  Archive 

in  2008  with  funding  from 

IVIicrosoft  Corporation 


http://www.archive.org/details/briefnotesongreeOOmorg 


READING  ON   THE   INTRODUCTORY   LECTURES. 

(*  Farnell,  pp.  1-14. 
^*M.  &  D.,  1,  Chap.  3. 
(  *  Nageotte,  I,  pp.  1-27. 
*  Smith,  Did.  Anliq.  s.  vv.  "Lyra,"  "Tibia." 
Christ,  pp.  98-107  (112-123). 


ELEGIAC    POETRY. 


Genkral  Reading. 


*M.  &  D.,  Cliap.  10  (omitting  Theognis  and  Simonides). 

Symonds,  1,  Chap.  8  to  p.  238  [255J. 

Nageotte,  I,  i>p.  28-39. 

Christ,  pp.  107-113  (123-130). 

Hartung:  Die  griechischen  Elegiker.     2  vols. 
*G.  1670-1673  inclusive,  on  the  elegiac  distich. 


Callinus. 

(First  half  of  7th  century  b.  c.) 
Mure,  III,  pp.  131-137. 
Page  1.    1.    The  Call  to  Anns. 

Metrical  translation,  Appleton,  p.  1 12. 

I.  KOTt .  Ionic  =  Homeric  and  Attic  7r6Te,  cf.  k«s  —  ■Jrws,  12.  —  2.  vtoi : 
cf.  iuvenes,  vmrriws.  —  d|i4>i.ir€piKT(ovas :  cf.  the  later  aiJ.(piKTiove%,  and 
Horn.  Od.  2,  65,  dWocs  t'  aiSfaOrjTe  irepiKriovas  dvOpibirovs,  ot  irepcaeTaovffi. 
This  and  iroOeLvoi  (16)  are  the  only  un-Homeric  words  in  Callinus. — 3. 
(leOitvTts  :  submissive.  — 4.  iroXc^ios:  war,  hut  battle  in  11,  as  often  in  Homer. 
—  5.  iioTara  :  for  the  last  time,  G.  1054.  — 7.  irtpi :  =  virip,  as  fre(|uently  in 
Homer.  The  Elegiac  poets  never  say  vrrip  Tivof  fidxecrOai.  —  8.  oiriroTt  :  not 
OKKdre  (cf.  1).  The  phrase  oirirdTi  Kev  drj  is  Homeric  ;  cf.  //.  22,  365,  Od.  3, 
237.  Ionic  u.ses  dv,  not  Kev,  which  is  here  a  reminiscence  of  Homer.  —  9. 
Moipai:  the  Fates,  personitied.  With  but  one  exception  (//.  24,  49)  Homer 
thus  uses  only  the  singular.  Hesiod  first  has  the  names  KXcjdJ),  AdxfC's,  and 
"ArpoTTos,  as  in  Lowell's  Villa  Franca.  Cf.  p.  314,  4.  —  dXXd:  with  imv.  Cf. 
Tyrt.  8,  15;  9,  1.  So  often  in  Homer  and  in  Attic  jirose.  —  11.  ?X,<ras :  from 
Epic  efXo),  I'oll  up,  pack  close.  Cf.  Horn.  II.  5,  781,  dfupi  ^Itjv  ALOfxrjSeos  Itttto- 
ddiJ.010  (iXopievoi,  thronging ;  13,  408,  rfj  (dcrTriSt)  vtto  ttSs  edX??,  he  crouc/ied  all 


4  NOTES  ON    LYHIC    POETS. 

M/>;  2],  571,  ii>j  etVwi'  Wx^^vo-  a^f's  (nor.  pass.)  fx^vev,  he  gathered  himself  to 
II wait  Achil/es.  In  Callinus  iXaas  may  nieau  gntlicrimj  up,  ov  mustering: 
'  muster  a  .stout  heart.'  —  I2.  ci|xap}j^vov :  from  neiponai-  —  13.  il  fj  :  without 
&i;  G.  1396;  G.MT.  470;  Imt  ct.  verses  17  and  8. — irpo-yovwy .  very  lare 
word  in  early  Greek  ;  once  in  Homei  of  tlie  firstlings  of  sheep,  Od.  9,  221. 
Only  here  in  Elegy.  —  y^vos  :  scion.  —  15.  Ip^cTai:  coines  hack,  returns. 
See  on  Lysias  16,  4.  —  kCx«v  ;  finds  him  out.  On  the  tense,  G.  1292. —  19. 
^(MdV  :  pte.,  .\ttic  fdwi'.  — d|ios  :  the  peer,  like,  —  avTa^io^,  cf.  21.  — 20.  €v 
64)0aXp.oio-iv  6pti>(riv  :  Homeric  phrase,  only  here  in  Elegy.  Cf.  Tyrt.  8,  26. 
—  21.  itpSti  al.so  used  without  a.spirate,  fp5a>,  a  form  collateral  with  p^^u  = 
.■\ttic  fpydio/jMi. 


Tyrtaeus. 

(Second  Messenian  War,  circ.  635  b.  c). 

Mure,  III,  pp.  184-197. 
Nageotte,  1,  pp.  117-136. 

Page  24.     1.     From  the  Evvo/jUa. 

3.  &pxi :  used  only  here  in  Elegy  as  a  prep. ;  crvv,  21  times  ;  /jxto.,  7  times. 
—  'Epiveov  :  one  of  the  four  cities  forming  the  tetrapolis  in  Doris  from  which 
the  Dorians  invaded  Peloponnesus;  Curtius,  Ihst.  Greece,  I,  p.  122. 

8.      IVar  scmg. 

Metrical  version  by  Th.  Campbell  (cf.  Appleton,  p.  113,  Sj'monds,  I, 
p.   226  [242]). 

I.  Yop  :  either  (1)  surely,  =.  yt  -\-  dp,  but  the  order  seems  against  this; 
or  (2)  On.'  for,  etc.,  but  the  real  exhortation  does  not  begin  before  verse  13.  — 
KoXov  :  note  the  ipiantity  ;  cf.  30.  — 2.  mpl  :  only  here  in  Elegy  with  dat., 
cf.  Horn.  Od.  17,  471.  .Same  meaning  as  in  verse  13;  cf.  Callinus  7. — tj: 
[Ktss.  pron.,  G.  406,  408.  In  Elegy  only  here  and  Tlieogn.  920.  Note  the 
eviilence  of  digamma  ,  cf.  26,  and  9,  7  and  27  ;  10,  38.  —  3.  avrov  :  in 
Elegy,  as  in  Homer,  the  oblifjue  cases  of  aiirds  may  be  used  as  reflex,  pron. 
for  all  three  j>er.sons  ;  never  ipjxvTov,  aeavroO,  eavrov. — 8.  ttKuv  :  yielding, 
i.  e.  the.  thrall  of.  —  g  Kard  :  adv.  strengthening  fXiyxn-,  and  the  two  = 
<toTeX^7X«t,  cf.  20.  -  10.  dT».|itT| :  an  unexplained  quantity ;  cf.  Hom.  fJ'/. 
13,  142.  —  14.  ^xitttv  :  =  fuj?/!,  cf.  9,  5.  Note  the  synizesis.  —  16.  <{>6pov  : 
panic,  roni,  as  in  Honn-r.  —  20.  Ycpatovs  :  not  a  mere  repetition  of  iraXaioTt- 
povi,   but  almost  =  reverend.     Note  the   shortening  of  the  penult,    HA.    92 

D  d. ;  cf.  ytpads  in  Sophocles.     .So  in  Attic  drama  iroiQ  may  be  v^ .  —  21  If. 

Cf.  Horn.  //.  22,  71  H.  —  26.  rd :  dem.,  cf.  7.  —  27.  xp6a  :  from  XP^^- 
DefKmds  on  fx'^"'''''-'  2.''-  —  -rravTa  :  all  this.  —  28.  6<})p  ^XTl  •  without  dv,  G. 
1466;  cf.  Callinus,  13.  — 29.  I8«iv  :  G.  l.'>28.  — 30.  tii  Sia^ds:  ivith  legs  well 
apart,  to  get  a  firm  foothold  ;  so  Hom.  //.  12,  4.")8. 


TYRTAEUS.  5 

9.  Cull  to  Arms. 

I.  dXXd  :  belongs  to  dapaflre,  cf.  Callinus,  9.  —  2.  \o|ov  :  lit.  slantinrf, 
Icnniiuj.  Hence  eitlier  ( 1 )  Zeus  hatli  not  yet  turned  his  neck  aside,  i.  e.  lie 
still  favors  us ;  or  (2)  cf.  Tbeogn.  536,  hence  '  Zeus  is  still  ruler  ; '  cf.  Hor.  .V. 
2,  h,  92,  stes  capite  obstipo  multuni  siniilis  raetuenti.  — 3.  Sti- 
(latvw :  not  in  Homer  or  Hesiod.  —  <))oP6i<r9e  :  be  routed,  flee,  cf.  8,  16.  — 
5.  6€'p.evos  :  rating.  —  6.  6|Ji(os :  like,  as.  —  8.  op-yriv  :  not  in  Homer  ;  nature, 
temper;  ace.  toothers,  wrath.  Hence  •n-oXe/ios  is  personified;  cf.  ira  belli, 
Livy  and  Sallust,  and  Shakespeare,  Rich.  Third.  1,  1,  Grim  visagcd  tear,  etc. 

—  €8dT)T£  :  aor.,  GMT.  58.  —  10.  d)X(f>0T€pta)v  .  .  .  T)Xao-aT6  :  cf.  Plat.  Euthy- 
phro,  4  B,  t'ratyl.  410  E,  iroppw  ao<pias  iXavvwi'.  —  11.  To\)iucri  :  indie,  or 
subjv.  ?  G.  1432,  1437.  Cf.  10,  34.  —  14.  Tp€<r<ravTa)v  :  rpeu)  was  used  by 
the  Spartans  of  a  coioard  or  craven;  cf.  6  rpeaas' Api<rT6dr)ixoi,  who  avoided 
Thermopylae,  Hdt.  7,  231.  —  15.   avv<r6t€v  '^Kao-ra  :  could  complete  the  tale. 

—  17.  dptraXcov  :  attractive,  i.  e.  easy.  —  ovicrQi  :  modifies  5at^€iv,  pierce. 
Understand  TtTO  as  subject.  —  19  KaKK«i|i€vos :  by  apocope  and  assimilation 
for  KaTaKelfJLevos,  G.   53.  — 20.    viutov  :  (i.    lOTiS.  —  28.    lo-rdTw  :    G.   508.  — 

30.  ourd^wv  :  stab,  v:onnd  with  a  thrust,  as  contrasted  with  /3d\\w,  36.  — 

31.  irap  :  ajtocope  and  loss  of  accent  as  in  elision.  — 32.  kv :  adv.,  therein, 
'iioreover.  — 33.  ■ire'ir\T]|ji€'vos'-  from  TreXdfw.  — 37.  Sovpacri :  perhaps  spears 
without  metal  tips  ;   construe  with  aKovri^ovTes. 

10.  Honor  to  the  Brave  alone. 

I.    «v  \6yu  Ti6€i(xt]v  :  cf.  rationem  habere  and  9,  5.  —  2.  dptTfjs  :  G.  1126. 

—  iraXai.fioo-vvT]s  :  doubtful  whether  this  or  iraXaia/xoavf-qs  (cf.  Xeno])hanes,  2, 
16)  is  the  correct  form.  Cf.  Hom.  Od.  8,  103,  126.  —5.  Tiewvoto  :  Tithonus, 
the  beloved  of 'Htis.  Cf.  Mimnennus,  4.  —  6.  MtSew  :  Midas,  king  of  Pliry- 
gia,  proverbial  for  his  wealth.  — Kivvpcco  :  Cinyras,  mythical  king  of  Cyprus, 
founder  of  temple  of  Paphian  Aiijnodite,  father  of  Adonis. — fidXiov  :  found 
only  here,  =  /xdWov.  —  7.  PacriXciiTcpos  :  G.  364.  —  8.  'A8pifi<rT0v  :  Adras- 
tus,  one  of  the  Seven  against  Thebes,  the  Nestor  of  the  Theban  Cycle.  — 

11.  TerXalr) :  endure,  hence  with  ]itc.  ;  G.  1580.  —  12.  opcYOuro :  lunyc  a.t. 
For  the  gen.  drjiwv,  G.  1099.  —  15.  ^vvov:  =  (though  not  etymologically) 
Att.    prose    koiv6v.      ^wof   iadXbv   is    piedicate    of  tovto.  —  16.    Scttis    y-ivr\ : 

—  ei  TLS  ixevQ,  without  &v,  cf.  34  and  9,  11.  —  17.  kiri',  adv.,  cf.  8,  9. —  i8. 
irapO€|A€vos  :  staking,  hazarding. — 21.  ^Tpe»|/€  :  gnomic  aorist. —  22.  'i<ryjSi: 
poet.  2d  aor.,  G.  779.  —  KV|Aa :  here  first  used  metaphorically.  —  27.  rhv 
8«  :  the  paratactic  5^  in  apodosis,  G.  1422;  in  Elegy  only  here  and  Theogn. 
357.  Note  the  deni.  t6v.  — 28.  k€'kti8€  :  is  distressed.  — 36.  aix^(ifjs  :  irar, 
hence  with  €5x05  =  laus  bellica. — 38.  iraGwv  :  having  enjoyed.  In  Homer 
regularly  in  a  bad  sense,  sufer.  — 'Ai8t]v  :  the  place,  not  the  god  ;  cf.  Mimner- 
mus,  2,  14.     The  first  trace  of  this  is  Hom.  //.  23,  244,  ".\i5i  Kevdup.ai.. — 

40.  alSovs  :  0.  1117  ;  cf.  Hom.  Od.  1,  195,  t6v  ye  6eol  ^Xdirrovai  KcXevdov.  — 

41.  oi  T€  KttT*  avrov  :  contemporaries  :  so  in  Attic.  No  such  periphrasis  with 
a  prep,  is  found  in  Homer,  nor  does  he  use  Kara,  of  time. 


6  NOTES   ON    LVKIC   POETS. 

MlMNKllMlTS. 

(End  iif  7tli  coiituiy  b  c  ) 

Mure,  III,  J)]..  332-343. 
Nageotte,  1,  pp.  137-148. 

Page  .'50.     1.    Life  unthout  Love  is  iio/hing. 

•Mt-tiical  version,  Symoiuls,  I,  p.  229  [246]. 

2.  M.(\oi:  (!.  1439.  —  4.  oV  :  i.  e.  ola  =  fi6va.  —  6.  8  tc  :  parataxis. — 
alo-xpov  .  .  .  KaKOv :  mjly  and  wrctclied  alike. — riOti:  G.  787.  Cf.  5t5ot,  2, 
16.  — 7.  ^\.v :  object  of  relpovcn  wliich  dfj.<pi  (adv.)  iiiuditie.'s,  while  (pptvas  is  in 
apposition  with  niv,  G.  917. 

2.     "We  nil  do  fade  as  a  leaf."     Cf.  Sinionides,  69,  p.  249. 

2.  {apos  :  synizesis. — aij^erai:  th'-ti  (i.  e.  <pv\\a)  increase.  ~  2-  tois  : 
anacohuhon  after  ola.  — irfwviov  tirl  x.povov  :  for  a  cubit  of  time.  Our  usual 
nietjii)hor  is  'a  span  long.'  But  cf.  St.  iMattliew  6,  27,  n's  5e  i^  v/jlCov  fiepinvLou 
di'varai  irpoffdufai  iiri  Tr)v  ijKiKiav  avrov  irrixw  'iva  ;  — 4.   irp<Js:  at  the  hands  of. 

—  6.    T^osYT|paos:  a  mere  i)erif)hiasis  for  7^pay,  cf.  9. — 7.    (itvvvOa :  adv. 
as  predicate',  cf.  Hoiu.  //.  4,  466,  n'lvwda  8^  ol  yivfd'  6pfj.ri,  and  .Solon,  12,  16. 

—  8.    8(rov:  of  time. — 9.    irapan€£\|/€Tai ;  aor.  subjv.,   G.  780. — 11.    oIkos: 
estate,  substance. 

4.     Oil  Tithonus. 

2.    pi'-yiov  :  comparative  formeil  from  ^1705,  cf.  Tyrt.  10,  7. 

6.      The  Poet's  Wish.     Cf.  Solon,  19. 

11.     The  Poet  pities  the  Sun-god  for  his  labors.     Translation  in  G.  Murray, 
History  of  Greek  Literature,  p.  81. 

I.  flvXax«v:  hath  th/>.  lot  of;  \  doubled  like  p  after  the  augment.  —  2. 
Afiiravo-is :  tor  6.va.irav(n%,  cf.  Tyrt.  9,  19.  —  6.  koiCXt)  :  perhaps  for  KoFiXt]  — 
KoiXv-  —  4XTjXa(Ji^VT) :  beaten  out,for(fed.  Cf.  Verg.  A.  7,  634,  levis  ocreas 
lento  ducunt  argento.  — 8.  'Eo-irepLScov  :  they  lived  on  an  island  at  the 
western  Iwrders  of  the  ocean  stream.  -9.  'iva:  where.  —  11.  iiTi^r\at9' :  (i.e. 
(ir(fir)a(To,  Ionic  aor.  miil.).  Gnomic,  aorist.  —  luv:  poss.  pron.,  his  ovn. 
But  this  is  an  emendation  for  iirifi-r)  iripuv.  See  on  Tyrt.  8,  2.  — b\ib>v: 
gen.  pi.  of  fix"^- 


SOLON.  7 

Solon. 

(About  639-6.5',t  B.  C.) 

Mure,  III,  pp.  343-376. 

Nageotte,  I,  pp.  149-168. 

Maliaffy,  I,  pp.  195-198. 
\  *Omiiii,  HisL  Greece,  pp.  106-114. 
\  *  Bury,  Hist.  Greece,  pp.  180-189. 

Page  34.     1.    From  the  Elegy  called  Salamis. 

2.  Kd(r|iov  €ir€wv:  cmbdlisJunenl  oj  words,  i.  e.  in  ornnmental  style. — 
a7opfjs  :  the  regular  Epic  word  for  a  public  speech.  —  6e'|i.£Vos :  Itaving  fush- 
ioneil. — 3.    tl'rjv:  O.  1507.  — T(>Ti:  in  that  day,  i.  e.  if  we  give  up  Salamis. 

—  4>oX€"ydv8pios :  Pholegaiulrus  and  Siciiius  were  small  and  unimportant 
islands  in  the  Aegean. — 6.  SaXa|Aiva<J)€Twv  .  Salamis-hetrmjers.  —  7.  ^o\i.iv  : 
subjv.  of  eZ/zt,  as  in  Horner.  Note  the  quantity  of  t,  perhaps  due  to  ictus.  — 
8.  dirwo-cificvoi :  from  awudiu.  Metrical  version  of  these  two  verses  in  Cur- 
tius.  Hist.  G'reeie,  I,  p.  342. 

17.     Live  and  Learn. 

19.     Retort  to  Mimnermus  6. 

1.  A  6.V  ircio-coi:  G.  1403.  —  'i%iKi:  from  i^atpiio,  used  of  removing  a  false 
impression,  as  in  Plat.  Apol.  18  E. — 2.  Xuiov  €ir€4>pa<rd(M]v :  have  conceived 
a  better  thoiujhl.  —  3.    Aiyoao-TdSTi :  cf.  Xtvi^y,  clear. 

27,     The  Ten  Ages  of  Man. 

5.  TpiTdrji  :  sc.  e^Sofiddi,  7.  —  6.  dvOos  :  bloom  of  boyhood.  —  8,  Icrxvv  ; 
G.  1058. — 9.  oipiov  :  hc.  ecrri. —  13.  eirrd  €v  {PSo^dciv  :  in  seven  periods  of 
seven.  A  strange  expression  instead  ol  the  expected  'in  the  seventh.'  — 15. 
Swvarai:  he  has  his  powers.  — 17.  Kara  (uVpov  :  in  due  rneusure. —  18.  ovk 
&(i>pos :  not  untimely. 

12.     Retribution.      The  Power  of  Fate. 

3.  irpos :    cf.   Mimnermus,  2,    4.  —  4.    Sd^av :  famam,   cf.  Lysias,  xvi.  3. 

—  5.  tlvai:  depends  on  Sore  (3).  —  6.  ISeiv:  cf.  Tyrt.  8,  29. —  7.  ir€Trdo-0ai  : 
possess,  from  irdo/xai,  acquire,  cf.  Att.  KeKTTjfMi.  —  8.  irdvrws  fjX0€ :  is  sure  to 
come,  cf.  31.  Gnomic  aorist. — 9.  irXovrov :  inverse  attraction,  G.  1035. — 
10.  vtdrov  :  in  Homer  also  veiaros,  a  superlative  like  /x^a-aros,  ?ctx-o.tos.  HA. 
255  a.  — 12.  ir€i96|i€vos :  ^ron  over,  succumbing  to.  —  13.  dvaptto-ycTai :  is 
fouiul  mingled  with  it.  — 14.  dpx^ .  sc.  drrji.  —  16.  8t|v;  cf.  Mimnermus,  2, 
7-  —  18.  <3<rTt :  just  as,  lil-e.  —  21.  Jp^ya  :  fields,  as  in  Homer.  —  25.  Toiavrti 
ktX.:  an  anacoluthon  (HA.  1063),  for  we  should  expect  a  verb  or  a  ])hrase  with 
e^atrivri's  (17),  such  as  riVerat  toi>s  v^pit^'ovTa^.  —  t<j>'  cKdcrrw :  in  each  case. — 
27.   i:  i.  e.  Zeus.  —  XcXtjOc:  gnomic  perfect,  (!.  129.0.  —  Siafiirepe's  :  .strengthen- 


8  NOTES  ON    I.VHIC    POETS. 

iiig  ot'et,  forever  nnd  aye. —  28.  ^X"  ''•  1^^-  — 29  'i^t\.a■ev  :  aor.  of  t'ivo}, 
makes  requital,  used  absolutely,  but  cl'.  31.  —  31.  avris  :  Epic  and  Ionic,  a7'di% 
Attic,  lureafter.  —  36  xd<rK0VTts  :  gapimj  fools.  —  37.  xoicTts  :  =  /cai  6<ttis, 
G.  42  H. —  38  tis  lo-rai :  an  object  clause  in  which  lifth  century  Attic  would 
have  5irws  (U.  137-!),  and  Homer  6ircos  or  ujs  with  stcbjaiiclive  (G.  1377).  This 
use  of  UK  with  fut.  indic.  is  found  two  or  three  times  in  Hdt.,  GMT.  347. —  39, 
40:  omit  these  verM.-,  which  do  not  beimi^'  here.  ~  43.  <nr«v8ti :  sc.  KT-qaaaOai. 
■yprjfjLaTa.  —  46.  <J>«i8a)X'^v  ov8cp.kav  Ocp-cvos  :  perijihrasis  for  oii  <pti56/j.€i>os.  — 
47.  tls  eviavTov  :  year  in,  ijxir  out.  —  51.  irdpa  :  with  Movaeuv  (G.  116,  1), 
sc.  ^v\\i-y(Tai  jiioTov.  —  52  (ro(|>lr]s  |i«Tpov  :  t/ir  full  mecisure  of  vnsdom,  cf. 
frag.  15.  —  56.  pvortrai :  ///('/  off,  nffii.  — 57.  Ilaiuvos :  Paean,  the  Homeric 
jihysician  of  the  gods.  -  58.  ovS^v  .  .  .  tcXos  :  there  is  no  sure  result  in  their 
work'.  —  60.  Xvo-aiTo  ;  deliver.  —  62.  ri9r\ari.  :  sc.  irjrpd^.  —  66.  (it'XXti. :  as 
subject  supply  ipy/xara  (60),  or  XP^If-o-  from  the  following.  -  «r\Ti(rtiv  :  end. 
I'erhap.s  from  the  nautical  use  of  axv<^<^  and  iaxov  signifying  ;yw<  to  shore.  — 
67.  ov  irpovofjo-as  :  unej:fHTtedlii.  — 71.  ir€<t>a(rp.£Vov  :  revealed,  stated,  fixed. 
—  72.  Piov :  substame.  —  76.  dXXoxt  dXXos  :  a  formula,  hence  the  hiatus  is 
allowed  i  cf.  14,  4. 


Xenophanes. 

(Second  half  of  the  6th  century  b.  c.) 

Nageotte,  I,  pp.  209-216. 
Mahatfy.  1,  pp.  138  and  208,  209. 

Page  50.     1       Tht  Syniposiam,  as  it  sliouM  hr. 

1.  j^dirtSov  ;  fioor,  Homeric  SdireSov.  —  2.  d|Ji<}>iTi8€i  :  cf.  Miinnermus,  1, 
6.  —  3.  dXXos :  sc.  irais.  4.  «v4>poo-vvT]s  :  good  cheer.  —  5.  dXXos  :  i.  e.  besides 
wliat  wa.s  in  the  Kparrjp. —  vpohwa-n.v  :  Jail.  —  6.  dvOcos  :  =  flos  vini.  For 
the  case,  0.  1107.  — 9.  •ycpapfi  ;  -.iiatily,  or  perhaps  old.  —  10.  Tvpov .  G. 
1112.  —  II.  dv:  apocope,  (i.  '.>o.  —  dji<j)ls ^x*"- •  encompasses,  fi,l Is.  -  Otdv  :  Dio- 
nysus        €C4)povas  :    in  a  double  .sen.se,   meaning   merry  and  intelliyciit.  — 

15.  8vvao-9ai     de[>ends  on  (iii^aixivov^,  while  irpT)aativ  depends  on  ^vvaadai.  — 

16.  wv  .  Att.  ow,  oj  course,  surely.  —  •7rpoxfipoT€pov  :  first  duty.  —  17.  ovx 
vPpis  sc.  Iffri.  —  oirdcrov :  'so  much  as  you  ('an  hold  and  reach  home.  — 
18.  -yTfpaXtos;  old  age  might  iiititlc  a  man  to  the  help  of  a  slave. — 19.  alvciv  : 
d--|Mi)i|!,  on  ;;^J7,  13.  —  io-8Xd  dva4>aLv€i  :  brings  up,  \  e.  in  his  talk.  —  20.  cos 
oi  p.vT]^(rvin^  :  nn  kin  menwry  serves  him.  —  21.  8Uir€iv  :  array,  ■inar.shcl.  Dc- 
Ii<-iiil->  on  xf''n<  unless  with  .some  manuscripts  we  read  biinti.  —  23.  xoiori ;  dem. 

24    ■iTpo\i.y\9tiy\v :  reverence. 

2      .\lind  vs.  BijfJy. 

2.  irtVTa6X«vciiv  :  the  irivTadXov  included  fiXyuo,  bicKOS,  5p6/xos,  irdXri,  and 
iKovTiffpulif.       3.   ntordo  :  gen.,  from  IltffTjs,  a  stream  flowing  into  the  Alpheus. 


XENOPHANES.  9 

—  4.  ?x«v :  understanding.  —  $■  d€6\ov  rmttvsl^  not  prize  as  usually. — 
8.  o-ira  :  fioin  o-iVos,  G.  288.  Pul)ln:  iii;iiiitunaiicc  is  meant,  as  in  the  Athe- 
nian prytaiieuni.  —  KTedvwv :  G.  1085,  4.  —  10.  l-irirowriv ;  sc.  viK-r\v  Apoiro.  — 
II.  wcnrtp  iyoi:  ci.  Socrates's  views.  Plat.  Apol.  36  D.  — 13.  cIkiq  .  .  .  vo|il- 
Jtrai :  this  IS  a  very  inconsiderate  custom.  —  14.  (ro<}>£i]s  :  CJ.  1120.  —  15.  d-ya- 
Oos  :  afjiees  with  irvKTrj^,  is  to  be  understood  as  introducing  irevTadXelv  (G. 
ir>2b),  waXaiaixocTvvrjv  (G.  1058),  and  TaxvrriTi  (G.  1182).  —  16.  iraXai<r|AO(rv- 
vtiv:  of.  Tyrt.  10,  2.  —  17.  roirtp  :  rel.  =  Att.  6w(p,  referring  to  TaxvrriTi,  G. 
1022.  The  foot-race  was  the  oldest  and  most  distinguished  of  all  the  events 
in  the  Olympic  games.  —  18.  pw|i.T]s  dvSpwv  ^p^o  :  mens  deeds  0/ strength.  — 
ao.  tirl  T«{> :  al  this,  referring  forward.  —  22.  ixv^ovs  ■  treasure  chambers. 

Fragments  Jrom  his  philosophical  work. 
Grote's  Plato,  I,  pp.  16-19. 

11.  Earth  to  Earth. 

This  verse  may  be  attributed  to  Xenophanes  falsely.  Cf.  Genesis  3,  19, 
7?j  el  (cot  et's  yrjv  iinXevari. 

12.  The  one  is  God. 

I.   Els  :  subject,  sc.  eari,  while  dtSs  is  predicate. 

13.  The  All. 
oiXos  :  =  Att.  6\oi. 

16.  The  Impiety  of  the  received,  Theogony. 

1.  dvcOTjKav  :  attributed,  ascribed.  —  4.    i^ii-^ija.To  :  celebrated. 

17.  Anthropomorphism  ridiculed. 

2.  «*s :  used  like  Cbcrre,  G.  1456,  but  it  is  a  doubtful  emendation.  —  'Ypd\|'ai : 
draic,  paint.  —  4.  ol6v  .  .  .  Sc^as :  the  antecedent,  SeVoj,  is  attracted  into 
the  relative  clan.se  (instead  of  being  in  the  adverbial  ace.  witli  ToiaOra),  hence 
olov  and  S^/tias  agree  with  each  other,  G.  1037.  —  15.  6p.oia  :  agrees  with  aw- 
fmra  understood,  unless  we  read  o/xotoi',  agreeing  witli  difxai. 


10  NOTES  ON   LYRIC   POETS. 


IAMBIC   POETRY. 
GiiNKUAL  Reading. 


*M.  ik  D.,  I,  Chap,  xi,  as  far  as  Hipponax. 
•Nagfotte,  I,  pp.  40-71. 

Symonds,  I,  Chap.  ix. 

Christ,  pp.  llH-122  (134-140). 
*0n  Iambic  vei«e,  G.  1628,  1630,  1631,  1633,  1634,  1642,  1646, 
1647,  1649,  1657. 


Akchilochus. 

(Flourisheii  aVwut  650  b.  c.) 

Mure,  III,  pp.  138-173. 

Symoud.s,  I,  pp.  258-263  [274-280]. 

Farnell,  pp.  111-116 

[Fragg.  1-.^)  are  in  the  elegiac  distich.] 

Page  2.    1.      Warrior  and  Poet. 

I.  '£waX(oio  :  generally  subst.  ='Apri$,  but  here  and  in  Horn.  11.  17,  211 
an  adj.  Cf  'Evvw,  personification  ol  Tumult  ot  Battle.  —  AvaKTos:  note  the 
digamma. 

2.  Mij  Spear  is  my  all. 

Ct.  Hybrias,  p.  275. 

I.  8opi:  G.  291, 11.  Not  genuine  Ionic,  which  would  be  Soupt  (as  in  Homer), 
cf.  3,  5,  Soi/piN-Xi'Toi.  -  p.dl^a  :  harlqj  coke,  a  soUlier's  ration.  —  p.((i.a-y|i^vT]  : 
iram  fjiiiTdu}.—  2.  'Io-p.apiK<5s  •  ct.  Horn.  Od.  9,  196  11.  Ismaros  (=  Maronea) 
was  on  the  coast  ol  Tliracc 

3.  .'/  haiid-lo-haiid  Fi^ht. 

I.  knL :  adv.  with  ravvaaiTai,  viill  be  bent  tight.  —  Oaficuu  :  frequentes, 
i.  e.  much  used.  — 2.  (xuXov:  the  toil  and  moil  of  war.  —  4.  Sa'^iiiovcs :  a 
-.trangf;  synize-sis  ;  .see  Hiller's  note,  p.  x.  —  p.dxr]s  ;  G.  1140.  —  5.  8€onr6Tai 
E^Po^s :  the  Abantcs,  the  oldest  inhabitants  o(  Euboea,  were  famous  wai- 
iiore;  cf.  Plut.  Tken.  5,  Mom.  //.  2,  542. 

5.     Thf.  lost  Shield. 

Cf.  Hor.  C.  2,  7,  9  ff. 

X.  Zatwv  :  the  Suii,  near  Ab<lera  in  Thrace.  —  2.  ?vtos  :  tool,  weapon,  only 
liere  in  tfie  singular;  cf.  (mta.  —  4.    cppcTw .  tioni  ^ppa>. 


ARCHILOCHUS.  11 

Iambic  Trimeter  Acatalectic. 

*G.  1638,  1639,  1658,  1659,  1662. 

17.     On  Tliasos. 

1.  ■ijSt  :  refers  to  Tlmsos.  —  2.  vXt^s  :  O.  1140,  cf.  1112.  —  €irKrT€4)f|s '• 
crotmied  with.  In  Homer,  used  of  briiinainy  bowls. — 4.  ovS' cpards  :  uote 
the  resolution  of  the  lirst  iambus.  —  2£pios  :  Siria,  the  river  in  Lucania ; 
possibly  mentioned  us  a  kind  of  Utojjia,  or  typical  region  of  delight. 

19.     Contcntcment  passe  richessc. 

Metrical  version  in  Mure,  III,  p.  167. 

1.  Fvy^o) :  V  (though  short  in  this  word  in  some  jtoets)  because  Archilo- 
chus  regularly  has  synizesis  of  ew,  cf.  verse  3  (two  instances).  Gyges  was  the 
rich  king  of  Lydia.  —  ji^Xti :  used  peisonally  (but  cf.  frag.  28),  rdrvytw  be- 
ing the  subject;  cf.  Horn.  //.  2,  338.  —3.  kpiv.  Ionic  for  cpdw.  —  rvpovvi- 
80s  :  the  earliest  occurrence  of  this  word.     On  the  gen.,  G.  1102. 

21.     Neobule,  his  Sweetluart. 

Metrical  version  in  Symonds,  I,  p.  263  [280]. 

I.   ^T^pirtTO  :  she  made  merry.  —  2.   01 :  note  the  digamma. 

28.     From  a  Lament. 

y^  :  =  ixoi,  an  Epic  elision,  G.  51.  —  ldp,pwv  :  the  earliest  occurrence  of  this 
word.     On  the  gen.  with  /nAet,  G.  1105. 

Trochaic  Tetrameter  Catalectic. 
*G.  1637,  1640,  1  ;  1643,  1650,  1651. 

53.     '  Deposuit  potcntes  de  sede,  et  exaltavit  humiles.' 

I.  Ti0€iv  :  leave,  entrust.  On  the  form,  G.  787,  and  on  the  mood,  G.  1536. 
—  3.  €v  PePrjKOTas :  ivell  esfablished.  —  5.  p£ov  XP^H-Tl  •  ^^''^"  "/  substance. 
XPT7M^  =  Attic  XP^'-^-  — •ffXavdrai :  he  is  a  icanderer.  The  subject,  however, 
was  expressed  in  the  verse  or  ver.ses  lost  after  verse  4.  —  Trap'/iopos  :  distraught, 
as  in  Horn.  //.  23,  603.  Cf.  irapr](ipe,  frag.  85,  2.  The  v6ov  is  genitive  of 
separation. 

55.     A  good  General. 

I.  4>i\c(»  ;  synizesis  — 8iairpirXi'Y)i^vov :  sivaggerinq,  from  SiatrXiffffOfjLat. — 
2.  Po<rTpv\oi<ri  ■yavpov :  proud  of  his  curly  locks.  — 3.  iStiv  :  G.  1528. — 
4.    poiKos  :  crooked,  with  irepl  Kvrjuas  =  bow-legged.  —  do-<t>aX^(i>s  P«Ptikws  :  cf. 

Tyrt.  8,  31. 

62.     N'il  desperandum. 

I.  KVKwfi.€V€  :  from  ATu^dw,  cf.  turbare.  — 2.  dvaSv;  aor.  imv.  (avaStJoixai), 
rise,  emerge,  i.  e.  from  the  waves.     8vo-)ji€vmv  :  enemies.    The  genitive  depends 


12  NOTES  ON  LYRIC  POETS. 

ou  ivavriov.  — 3.  8oKoio-iv  :  |ii'ihaps  from  5ok6s,  beam,  here  means  spears  if  the 
text  is  correct.  —  4.  d|Ji<J)d8Tiv  :  open!//,  publirly,  of.  dfi<f)ad6i'  in  Homer  =: 
dva^avSoi',  G.  860,  1. — 7.  ji^  XCtjv  :  belongs  to  the  jireceding  imperatives.^ 
^{■YvcMrKc:  rei-ixjnize,  learn  to  k-natr.  — pv(r\i6s  =  pvd/x6i,  found  also  in  Anacreon^ 
frag.  69  (p.  227).  The  word  means  measured  motion,  Jiarmonious  movement, 
hence  here  symmetry  iu  life,  the  ideal  of  auxppoavvrj.  Cf.  Anacreon,  1.  c,  and 
Theognis,  964  (p.  104). 

71.     On  an  Eclipse. 

Symbi)lizing,  under  a  figure,  the  unexpected. 

I.  xpTf^drwy  :  partitive  gen.  with  ov54v,  cf.  iV^wv,  6.  —  dxwfxoTOv  :  abiu- 
randum.  The  word  is  applied  to  an  event  the  possibility  of  which  one 
should  not  deny  on  oath.  —  4.  t|\1<i>  :  G.  1165.  This  eclip.se  took  place 
probably  in  648  B.  r.  —  5.  ^k  tov  :  se.  xP^^°^'- — "TdvTa  :  subject,  while  the 
two  adjectives  are  in  the  predicate. — 7.  SeX()>io-i :  frum  the  dolphins,  cf.  G. 
1168,  1169. — dtn-afKC4>wvTai  :  receive  in  exchanye.  ^  8.  <r<j>iv  :  refers  ta 
6rjp€^.  —  9.  Toio-i  :  ought  to  refer  to  Se\4>iiri.,  but  then  the  imperfect  ^y  makes 
nonsense.  Possible,  but  un.satisfactory,  emendations  are  tJ  for  ^v,  or  rolaiv 
(to  xchom)  for  roicn  8'.  — tjBv  :  there  is  no  hiatus  after  this  word,  for  v  is  never 
elided,  G.  50  e. 


Epodes. 

The  Iambic  Strophe  =  Iambic  trimeter  +  Iambic  dimeter  (*  G.  1665,  3). 
Schmidt,  pp.  93,  94. 

81-84.     Fragments  of  the  Fable  of  the  Fox  and  the  Eagle. 

Synoj)sis :  The  Fox  and  the  Eagle  go  into  partnership.  The  Eagle 
carries  off  the  young  of  the  absent  Fox,  V)ut  vengeance  follows.  The 
Eagle  robs  an  altar  of  some  of  the  sacrificial  meat.  The  coals  clinging  to 
it  set  his  nest  atire,  his  young  fall  out,  and  the  Fox  eats  them  (cf.  Aesop's 
first  fable). 

81.  Introduction. 

2.  dpa :  not,  as  usual,  an  interrog.  particle,  but  asseverative,  =  ^  &pa,  the 
earliest  occurrence  in  this  sense.  —  KaUrds  :  =  Ka2  aUrdt  (Attic  dfrds), — 
^yvmvly]V :  cf.  Tyrt.  10,  15.  —  3.    £|Ui|av  :  from  p-i-yvvixi. 

82.  The  Efujle  brings  the  young  cubs  to  the  nest. 
alT^v^  :  see  otdi'Tjj  in  the  Lexicon. 

83.  The  Efi/f/f  m/x^ks  at  tfw,  complaint  of  tlw.  Fox. 
I.    tva  :   11- hi  re. 


SEMONIDES.  13 

84.     I'rayer  of  the  Fox. 

I.    ovpavov  :  O.  1137.  —  2.  ittL :  modifies  opgs,  hence  —  i<popq.s.  — 4.  |icXct: 

used  peibonuUy  as  in  frag.  19. 


Semonides. 

(Flourished  about  625  b.  c.) 

*Syaionds,  I,  pp.  263-266  [280-283]. 
Mahatty,  I,  1,  pp.  109-111  (on  the  beast-fable). 
Mure,  III,  pp.  173-182. 

Page  18.     7.    The  ten  Classes  of  Wovien. 

Metre :  Iambic  trimeter. 

I.  \ci>p(s:  with  iirolrjaev,  in  different  ways.  Others  explain  it  as  an  adv. 
used  as  a  pred.  adj.  with  I'ooi',  variable.  Cf.  Si'xa,  Theognis,  91  (ji.  70).  — 
6€os  :  synizesis,  as  in  7.  — 2.  to,  irpiSra  :  in  the  heginnimi,  G.  1060.  —  3. 
T^:  G.  1170.  —  dv' oIkov  :  throughout  her  house.  —  6.  KoirpCrjo-iv  :  quantities 
of  dirt,  the  intensive  plural,  like  ttXovtoi,  OaXirr),  \pvxv-  —  iriaCverai  :  with 
the  idea  of  coarseness. — 9.  XeXriGev  :  on  the  tense,  cf.  Solon,  12,  27,  and 
verse  15  below.  — 10.  avTwv  :  of  them,  referring  to  kClkQv  and  afiewoviisv. — 
«lir« :  she  calls.  Gnomic  aorist.  —  11.  6pyr|v  :  humor,  nature,  cf.  Tyrtaeus, 
9,  8.  —  12.  T^v  8€  :  se.  ^e6s  tO-qKe  from  verse  7.  — XtropYov:  quick  running. 
—  15.  X€Xt|K€V  :  from  XacrKia.  —  18.  &.v  :  sc.  Troi^crete.  —  20.  &'irpT)KT0V  :  not 
to  be  dealt  with,  uncontrollable.  Cf.  Hom.  Od.  12,  223,  &irpr]KTov  dviTjt>,  of 
Scylla,  a.  hopeless  pest.  —  22.  ■m\p6v  :  maimed,  here  in  a  mental  sense,  ivant- 
ing.  —  24.  ^p-ycov  :  partitive  genitive.  —  26.  piySxra,:  from  piyow,  which 
always  has  w  instead  of  ov  in  contraction,  G.  497.  —  irupds :  with  S.(t<tov, 
nearer,  G.  1148.  —  28.  T'fjv  \i.lv  ■i]\t.ipTi\v  :  one  day,  cf.  ttjv  de  in  32.  — yiyr]9iv  -. 
this  perfect  (from  yrjOeu})  is  regularly  used  in  a  present  sense.  — 30.  Xwitov ; 
better  (G.  361,  1),  referring  to  the  mind,  while  /coXXiwc  refers  to  the  body.  — 
31.  iv  irdcriv  dvOpwiroieriv  :'  in  the  whole  world.  —  32.  «v  6(f>0aX)ioi(ri :  see  on 
Callinus  20.  —  ISciv  :  depends,  like  eXdeif,  on  6.v€kt6s,  G.  1528.  —  34.  AttXti- 
Tov  :  Attic  dirKdrov,  unapproachable,  terrible.  For  the  case,  G.  1054.  —  36. 
I<ra  :  alike,  equally.  —  37.  oLTpcpiTJs  :  sc.  oiVa. — 43.  (titoScitjs:  see  (r7r65tos  in 
the  Lexicon.  —  iraXivrpiPt'os  :  synizesis  in  the  fifth  foot. — 45.  wv:  Ionic  for 
odv,  cf.  67.  Here  =  then,  after  all,  in  the  end.  — 46.  apeo-rd  :  as  this  word 
{=  pleasing)  hardly  makes  sense  with  eirovrjaaTo,  Hiller  supposes  the  loss  of  a 
verse  or  verses  after  45. — 49.  6vtiv«ov  :  =  Attic  ovrtvovv  (cf.  ibv  in  45)  any 
whomsoever.  For  this  meaning,  G.  432,  1.  — 51.  tirijifpov  :  =  Attic  i(t)lixepov, 
G.  94.  — 53.  dXTjvTJs :  adj.  in  the  nom.  fem.,  not  in  the  Lexicon,  =  uaiuo^e- 
vos,  cupide  appt;tens,  insatiate.  For  the  gen.  evv))^,  G.  1140.  —  56.  &0v- 
irra  ■  =  Advra,  unconsecrated.  This  woman  does  not  wait  for  the  religious 
ceremonies  which  preceded  a  sacred  meal.  —  57.    For  a   metrical  version  of 


14  NOTES  ON  LYRIC  POETS. 

verses  57-70,  see  Mure,  i>.  181.  — 58.  Zvr]v  irepiTp^irti :  turtis  her  back  on  toil. 
—  61.  ao-poXriv  :  soot.  Insert  a  coiiuiia  before  this  word  and  anotlier  after 
d\€i'M^»'';i  (ivoidiiuj.  —  62.  avd'YKT) :  against  his  v'ill.  —  63.  &iro  :  adv.  with 
\ovTai. — 65.  ^KT€vi(r(i€vr]v  :  KTtvl^iij,  from  xreis,  ^Krevos,  comb.  —  71.  SiaKpi- 
86v  :  (dnivf  all.  For  the  formation  of  this  adverb,  see  on  Aichilochus  t)2,  4.  — 
74.  AoTtos  :  synizesis. — "ytXws  :  a  laiajhing-stock. — 75.  ^ir' avx^va  ppa^eia : 
seems  to  mean  she  is  short -necked,  but  the  text  is  jirohabl  y  corrupt.  A  poly- 
syllabic word  endinjj  in  a  short  vowel  (like  ai'x^i'a)  should  not  have  the  ictus 
on  that  vowel.  —  76.  diru-yos  :  slab-sided.  —  avoKwXos  :  skinny-legged.  —  78. 
8T|V€a  :  synizesis.  —  rpdirovs  :  shifts.  Of.  iroXvTpoTrov,  Honi.  Od.  1,  1.  — 82. 
?p5€i€v  :  (i.  1377,  (i.MT.  323.  — 87.  KovvofJiaKX-uTov :  =  A.ai  ovvofidKKxnov  (in 
Homer,  6vofjLa.K\i'Tov).  —  89.  d|x<|>i8^8pop.€V  :  df^pirpix^-  —  94-  Omit  the  re.st 
of  this  poem. 


ALCAEUS.  15 

LYRIC  POETRY. 

General  Reading. 

*M.  &  D.,  Chap,  xiii,  and  §§  10-12  inclusive  in  Chap.  xiv. 
*Symon(ls  I,  i)p.  270-301  uiul  310-310  [287-318  and  327-334]. 
*FavnL-ll,  pp.  1-20  and  25-33. 
*  Smyth,  pp.  xvii-cxxviii. 

Nageotte,  I,  Cliap.  iv. 

Mure,  HI,  Chap.  ii. 

Gentleman's  Maf^azinc,  1877,  pp.  435-451. 

Christ,  pp.  122-127  (140-147). 
*0n  Logaoedic  verse,  G.  1626,  1,  2  ;  1632,  1  ;  1635,  1679,  1681. 

Schmidt,  pp.  43-47. 


Alcaeus. 

(End  of  7th  and  beginning  of  6th  centurie,s  b.  c). 

Mure,  III,  pp.  256-272. 

Smyth,  pp.  210-213. 

Nageotte, 'I,  Chap.  xi. 

Farnell,  pp.  135-139. 

On  the  Lesbian  dialect :  Farnell,  pp.  81-91. 

Page  183.     6.     T)ie  Ship  of  State  in  a  Storm. 

Cf.  Hor.  C.  1,  14. 

Metre  :  the  Alcaic  strophe.     *  G.  1682,  5. 

This  four-lined  strophe  consists  of  two  logaoedic  pentapodies  (with  ana- 
crusis, *  G.  1635)  +  a  logaoedic  tetrapody  (with  anacrusis)  +  a  logaoedic 
tetrapody  (without  anacrusis). 


Scheme  : 

e:  _  wl  _  ii^v., 

-^\ 

_  A 

d  i  _  wl  _  ^  \^^\ 

-  wl 

_  A 

^  i  _  wl  _  d  1  _  wi 

v^ 

—\y  'u  1  — w  w  1  _  ^  1 

\y 

Metrical  version  in  Gentleman's  Magazine, 

p.  435. 

I.  a<rvv^Tnfxi :  see  the  Lexicon  under  iffweriw,  of  wliich  this  is  an  Aeolic 
form,  and  G.  787,  2,  Farnell,  p.  90.  Note  the  apparent  quantity  of  v.  The 
word  was  probably  jjvonounced  by  Alcaeus  with  double  v.  —  o-rdo-iv ;  some 
interpret  condition,  state  (i.  e.  he  doubts  from  which  (piarter  the  winds  Mow), 
others  strife,  riot.  —  3.   &|X|i€s  :  Aeolic  for  y)ixus,  G.  393.  ~  6v  :  —  av,  by  apo- 


IB  NOTES  ON  LYRIC  POETS. 

cope  for  avd.  Cf.  Xeuophanes,  1,11  (page  51).  For  o  instead  of  a  in  Aeolic, 
of.  x<i^ijtrt,  verse  9,  yvj<pa\\ov,  frag.  16,  6,  and  6viai(Ti,  Sappho,  1,  3.  See 
Funiell,  p.  85.  —  4.  vot:  G.  270. — <f>opT|)JKOa :  from  (pdprjfjLL  —  (popfcj. — 5. 
(iox6«vvTfs  :  Ionic,  G.  785,  I.  —  6.  irtp  :  l)y  apocope  for  irepi.  It  belongs  to 
Ix".  see  ou  Tyrtaeus,  8,  9.  —  7.  irdv  :  Aeolic,  =  ttSc.  —  ^d8T]\ov  :  either 
Iranspareiit,  full  of  holes,  =  8ia5-r\\ov  ;  or  utterly  destroyed,  torn  in  shreds, 
cf.  5rj\iofiai.  —  9.  x<>^*"'^  •  3d  pers.  pi.  from  xdXdfii  or  x'^-'^i'M',  =  Att. 
XaXiiri  from  xa^<»w. /<!''•  —  &Y'*^^*'' =  lit-  'loops'  or  'bights';  ropes  which 
held  a  yard  or  boom  to  the  mast. 

8.     Xiin*^  est  bibendum. 

Cf.  Hor.  C.  1,  37. 
Metre  :  Alcaic  strophe. 

I.  (i(9v«r&i]v  :  aor.  inf.  pass,  of  fifdixxKu.  Aeolic  infinitives  regularly  end 
in  Tjv,  G.  7*32,  2;  Farnell,  p.  89.  —  irp6s  P^av  :  cujainst  one's  will,  invituni. 
—  2.    tTwvr\v  :  inf.  of  Aeol.  irJjvu),  —  Att.  irivw. 

16.     A  Drinking  Song  for  IV inter. 

Cf.  Hor.  C.  1,  9. 

Metrical  versions  of  Symonds,  I,  p.  298  [316]  ;  Appleton,  p.  116  ;  Gentle- 
man's Magazine,  p.  436. 
Metre :  Alcaic  strophe. 

I.  <!«  :  the  original  personal  usage,  G.  897,  5.  —  opdvw  :  genitive  of  6pavo%, 
=  Att.  ovpavb^.  For  the  Aeolic  gen.  in  w,  G.  204,  1.  —  2.  -irtird-YaKriv  :  2d 
perf.  of  xTYfu/At.  —  3.  Kd^^aXe  :  ?*en<  rfo*r/i,  a  strong  word.  Horace  has  dis- 
solve frigus.  For  the  form,  see  on  Tyrtaeus,  9,  19.  — 4.  Kcpvais  :  Aeolic 
aor.  participle  (r;.  783  ;  Farneil,  p.  83)  from  Kipvqpn.  .See  Kipvdui  in  the  Lexi- 
con. —  6.    Yv6<j)aXXov  :  see  KvicpaWov  in  the  Lexicon. 

36.     To  his  Brother  Antimenid.as.     On  the  latter's  return  from  serving  in  the 
Babylonian  army. 

Metre  :  Asclepiadean  (HA.  1115a;  Schmidt,  pp.  97,  98).  Each  verse  con- 
sists of  two  rhythmical  series  or  sentences  (*G.  1637),  and  is  made  up  of  two 
logaoedic  trijjodies  (Pherecratean.s),  G.  1682,  2  and  3.  In  each  verse  the  first 
of  the  trifwdies  has  syncope  (♦G.  1632,  1)  in  the  last  foot,  while  the  second  of 
the  tripodies  is  catalectic.  On  the  license  in  the  first  foot  of  the  verse,  *G. 
1680.     Cf.  Schmidt,  pp.  90,  91. 

Scheme : 

Metrical  version  in  Symonds,  I,  p.  296  [312]. 

a.  Xd^av  :  =  Attic  Xa^r^v,  hilt  ;  so  i\«paiTivav  and  xP'^^'oS^rai'.  —  tw  :  ^ 
Attic  ToO.  —  4  <r\)(i.p.dx.tis  :  present  particijde  from  Aeolic  (rv/Mfxdxrit^h  =■  Attic 
<Ti'iJ.iJ.ax^(^-  TtXto-as  :  'Jd  jM.-rs.  sing,  of  aor.  indie,  witlirjut  augment.  — 
5.    Kriwais  ■  '  f.  Ktpvaii,  16,  4.  —  (laxaCrav  :  =:  Attic  pMXV'V*'-  —  Pao-iXr] Cuv  : 


SAPPHO.  17 

agrees  with  Trax^wf,  7.  The  'loyal  cubit'  exceeded  tlie  Greek  cubit  by  the 
breadth  of  three  fingers.  This  giant  lacked  only  one  jxdm  {iraXaiaTdi')  of  Jive 
royal  cubits,  and  was  therefore  about  7f  feet  high.  On  (ireek  measures,  see 
(jow,  Compiinion  to  School  Classics,  p.  85.  —  6.  iraXato-rav  ;  =  Attic  TroXa- 
^rTriv.  —  lav  :  Lesbian  Aeolic  for  /j.iav.  Cf.  G.  377.  —  7.  iraxt'wv  :  =:=  Attic 
TTiJxfw-  —  o-iTv  :  —  Attic  diro.  —  ir^ii-iruv  :  gen.  piur.  from  Aeolic  iriixire,  =r 
Attic  irevre,  declined  only  in  this  place. 

46.     The  Vine  before  All. 

Metre:  Greater  Aselepiadean  (HA.  1115  b;  Schmidt,  pp.  98,  99).  The 
verse  consists  of  three  rhytlimical  series  or  sentences,  and  is  made  up  of  a 
logaoedic  tripody  with  syncope  +  a  logaoedic  dipody  (Adonic,  *G.  1682,  1) 
with  syncope  +  a  logaoedic  tripody  catalectic. 

Scheme : 

_v^|^^^|L-l|-w^|Lll-vyv^|_w|_A 

Cf.  Horace,  C.  1,  18  : 

Nullain,  Vare,  sacra  vite  prius  severis  arborem. 


Sappho. 

(About  628-566  b.  c.) 

H.  T.  Wharton  :  Memoir,  Text,  Selected  Renderings,  and  a  literal 

Translation.     3d  edition,  1895. 
Mure,  III,  pp.  272-326. 
Smyth,  pp.  226-230. 
Farnell,  pp.  148-154. 
Nageotte,  I,  Chap.  xii. 
Christ,  pj).  128-130  [148-151]. 

Page  193.     1.     Ode  to  Aphrodite. 

Metre  :  the  Sapphic  strophe.  This  strophe  consists  of  three  logaoedic 
pentapodies  (Lesser  Sapphics  or  Sapphic  Hendeca^llables)  +  a  logaoedic 
dipody  (Adonic).     *G.  1682,  6.     Cf.  Schmidt,  p.  104. 

Scheme  : 

\^      I     v^      I      — ^^    V--"      I      *~^     I      ^~> 

—    w     I    —   w    I    — v/  w    I    —   \y    \    \^ 

\j     I    v^    I    — w  w    I    w    I    \j 

— \^  \^  \    \^ 

Metrical  versions  numerous  :  see  "Wharton,  pp.  51  ff.  ;  Appleton,  p.  118  ; 
Gentleman's  Magazine,  p.  438. 

I.  iToiKiXoOpove :  richly-entlironed  or  of  richly  colored  throne,  a  word  found 
only  here.  —  3.  6viaio-i :  1=:  Attic  dWais.  For  0  instead  of  a,  see  on  Alcaeus, 
6,  3.  — 8d|i,va  :   imv.  of  Saixvaw.  —  4.    Ovp,ov :  Att.  dv/jiov,  in  apposition  with 


18  NOTES   Ox\    LVRIU    POETS. 

fif,  ilenotiiig  tbe  part  of  the  person  concerui^tl ;  G.  917.  Except  in  prepositions 
ami  conjuuctions  Aeolie  tliiows  tlie  accent  bacii  as  far  as  possible  —  5.  tvi8«  : 
Aeolic  adv.,  /i/V/te?-,  =  Attic  rySt  or  devpo. — irora  .  =  Attic  Trore.  —  KoLrcp- 
wra  :  i.  e.  xoi  irepura,  at  another  time  also.     Attic   uses  fiWore,   not  eTipure. 

—  6.  Tdstfuis:  Aeolic  gen.  singular  feni.,  =  r^s  e/xTjs.  — aiiSws  :  genitive  as 
if  from  ai'5u»=  Attic  av8r),  voice. — d(oio-a  :  Aeolic  uom.  i'em.  of  pres.  ptc, 
('■\im  dtci;,  hear.  For  similar  forms  of.  verses  7,  9,  14,  '24  ;  and  see  G.  783.  — 
■irT|Xvi  :  Aeolic  adv.,  afar,  =  rrfKbai.  —  7.  {kXims  :  thou  didst  lieed.  —  10.  irtpf  : 
above,  here  used  like  Attic  inr^p.  —  II.  SivvfjvTes  :  Jitc.  from  d ivurjixi,  —  Att. 
Slv^u.  —  updvw  :  gen.  singular.  See  on  Alcaeii^,  Iti,  1.  The  final  .syllable  of 
this  word  forms  a  stninge  synizesis  with  the  initial  .syllable  of  the  ne.\t.  G.  47, 
2.  —  13.  t^'"*"^"  •  ^'*  '"  t-'omposition  frequently  signifies,  as  here,  completion 
or  fulfilment.  —  15.    i^pto  :  uncontracted,  =  Attic  ijpov  fnmi  ■fjpufxrii'.  —  8t]€t€  : 

—  5q  oiVe,  Hoic  aijiiln.  —  kmtti  :  =  Kai  H  ti.  —  1 7.  ^p,b>  |j.ai.v6X(ji  6vi|i<ii :  in  niif 
mad  heart.  —  •Y€'v€«r6ai :  to  befall.  —  18  ff.  Here  we  have  a  sudden  and  effec- 
tive change  to  the  direct  discourse,  ^the  words  of  the  goddess.  —  IIcCOw  :  ace. 
(G.  243),  subj.  of  8.yr}v.  Peitho  was  the  goddess  of  Persuasion,  attendant  on 
Aphrodite.  —  19.  puis:  dost  thou  desire.  This  form,  a  second  person,  is  gen- 
erally thought  to  be  from  /udo;,  a  i)resent  which  does  not  occur  in  the  active 
voice  elsewhere.  There  are  perfect  forms,  as  nip-arov,  ix^fjLaixev,  and  ixe/j-aiJos,  in 
Homer.  —  dyrjv  ;  see  on  Alcaeus,  8,  1.  —  <rdv  :  =  ff-^v  from  aos.  —  20.  ^d"Tr<J>a  : 
a  vocative  which  apparently  comes  from  a  collateral  (perhaps  colloi|uial)  nom- 
inative 4'd7r<^a.  In  frag.  ()9  the  vocative  4'dB-^ot  is  perhaps  from  nuni.^dir<pij}, 
O.  246.  For  the  Attic  declension  of  Sott^w,  G.  245.  It  can  hardly  be  said 
that  Aeolic  did  not  admit  the  form  beginning  with  2,  since  the  MSS.  have  it 
in  Alcaeus,  frag.  34.  —  dSiK^jci  :  =  Attic  dSt/cei.  —  22.  B^Kcrai :  =  Sixerai. 
On  the  elision,  G.  51.  —  dXXd  :  the  paratactic  aWd  in  apodosis,  G.  1422.  — 
24.  KwvK  :  =  Kol  ovK,  where  Kai  means  even.  —  25,  Here  we  return  to  the 
jirayer  again.  —  xoXcirdv :  Aeolic  gen.  plural  with  nepifxpav,  G.  188,  5. — 
27.  Ip^pci :  =  Attic  l/xeipei.  —  28.  ?<r«ro  :  be  thou  ;  Aeolic  imv.  middle  from 
?MA«  (for  taixi)  -  Attic  dpi.     G.  807,  6. 

2.  T'/  a  beloved  Girl. 

Metre  :  Sapphic,  strophe. 

Metrical   vei-sions :   Wharton,    pp.   66   fT.  ;    Appleton,  p.  117.     Cf.  Catul- 
lus, 51. 

I.   k{)vos:  Lesbian  for  ^Kftvoi.     No  particular  man  is  meant,  and  6<rTis  is 
the  general  relative  ;  cf.  frag.  11.  —  2.    ?pp€v :  G.   807,  7.  —  toi  :  G.  393.  — 

3.  ^v(v<ra$  :  gen.  sing,  of  the  jnes.  ptc,  like  ytXaiaaj,  5.  Both  depend  on 
iVa»coi''€i,  while  dSv  is  governed  by  (puvevaas  and  Ip-epdev  by  ytXalaas.  G. 
1054.  <'f.  Horace,  C.  1,  22,  2'i,  dulce  ridentem  Lalarjen  arruiho,  dulce  loquen- 
tf.m.  —  5.  T(J :  dem.,  that.  —  {pav  :  =  ipy\v.  The  first  .syllable  forms  synizesis 
with  OTj.  — 6.  iirT<Jd<r€v  :  makes  flat  I  ir,  gn.  aor.  from  Trrodoi  =  ttto^oj.  — 7, 
i<rF!.i<t> :  2d  .'lor.  subjv.  of  taopdw.  ^po\ioi%  :  =  fipax^i^^y  cf.  Alcaeus,  6,  3.  — 
^vas  :  depends  on  ouS^v.  —  8.  €IIk«i  :  cnrnes  forth,  =  'Lmi.  —  9.  Kap  :  ajtocope 
and  assimilation  for  Ktnd,  modifying  Fidyt,   2d.  perf.  of  &yvv/j.i.  —  X^tptov  : 


SAPPHO.  19 

subtle,  agreeing  with  irvp.  —  lO.  XP**'  ^'-"'/Z"  ^'^^-  ^o'"  XPo">  ^'-  291,  39.  — 
viraStSp(>p.T|K€v:  the  viro-  means  unawares,  stedllhily.  —  H.  oiriraTtao'i :  voir 
+  u-a.  gives  in  other  dialects  6^i/ia.  Here  6inra  is  like  &.\Linra  =  dXei/x/xa, 
VdXt<^,  ((Uoteil  from  a  grammarian,  and  "ypd-mrara  =  ■ypdp.tw.Ta  m  a  late 
Aeolic  inscription.  —  €-irippd|J.p«i<ri :  3d  plural  from  €Tripp6p.^r)ixi  ■=  iirLppop.^i<i) 
(cf.  6pT)iJ^L  =  opdco).  '  iMy  ears  ring.'  —  13.  a  :  nom.  feni.  of  the  article  ;  hence 
tSptis  seems  to  be  feminine  in  Lesbian.  —  \>-'-  =  P-oi..  Cf.  Archilochus,  28.  — 
14.  iraiwav :  the  gender  here  and  in  x^'^poT^pa  {vuler)  shows  that  a  woman  is 
the  sjieaker  of  this  ode.  —  15.  6\ly<i>:  for  this  genitive  with  (widevris,  cf. 
dXiyov  8ecj  in  Attic;  G.  1116,  a  and  b.  — *iri8€VT|s  :  aphaeresis,  G.  55.  —  16. 
dXXa :  from  5.\\os,  Aeol.  for  Horn.  77X665. 

69.     To  an  uneducated  Woman. 

Metre :  Greater  Asclepiadean  ;  cf.  Alcaeus,  46. 

Metrical  versions:  Wharton,  pp.  113  ff. ;  Gentleman's  Magazine,  p.  440. 

I.  KcCtrcat  ovScirora :  here  <7€ai  ovS-  must  be  pronounced  with  synizesLs. 
This  seems  very  harsh,  and  the  text  is  doubtful.  —  2.  ireStx^is  ;  iredd  is 
Lesbian  for  ^leTd,  cf.  verse  4  ;  hence-this  verb  =  /Lterexfts-  —  ppoScov  :  =  pbSujv, 
originally  from  Fpbbov :  for  the  F  was  later  written  ^  in  some  Le.sbian  words. 
Cf.  fragg.  71,  3;  88,  2.  —3.  Ilwptas ;  Pieria,  birthplace  of  the  Muses,  at 
the  foot  of  Mount  Olympus.  —  d({>avf|s :  obscure.  —  kt|V  :  =  koX  iv,  even  in.  — 
4  iKirciroTdficva :  from  (KiroTaopLon. 

89-95.    From  the  Epithalamia. 

Farnell,  \\.  12. 
Nageotte,  1,  pp.  268  tf. 
89.      Wcclding  Song. 

Metre:  very  doubtful,  but  the  following  is  a  possible  scheme  in  logaoedics: 

>  :  L_  i  -WW  I  _w 

w  :  _  w  I  _  A  (refrain) 

v.^  :  — w  \j  I  — w  w  I  \j 

w  :  _  w  I  _  A  (refrain) 

—\j  w  I  — w  w  I  — w  w  1  —  w 

>;-^wi-wwii_i_A 

That  is,  two  logaoedic  tripodies  (with  a  refrain,  p.€<jvp.viov)  +  two  logaoedic 
tetrapodies. 

3.  a€pp€Tc :  from  Lesbian  d^ppu  =  aeipuj,  Farnell,  p.  82.  —  5.  Ilo-cros :  for 
FiaFos,  Homeric  luos,  Attic  fffos.  Cf.  Aeolic  fewojjor  ^ivFos,  Homeric  leii-os, 
Attic  f^vos.  —  5.  "Apfvi :  dat.  of  "Apeus,  =  'kprj^. 

91.     The  Bride. 

Metre:  dactylic  hexapody.     The  dactyls  are   Aeolic,  ^^  (see  Christ, 

Metrik,  pp.  217  flf.). 

Metrical  versions:  Gentleman's  Magazine,  p.  440  ;  Wharton,  pp.  132, 135. 


20  NOTES  ON   LYRIC   POETS. 

1,  ikrStf :  here  v  =  Attic  o  (cf.  dTri',  Alcaeus,  36,  7)  and  ff5  =  f,  whence 
vados  =  6fos,  biiugh.  It  cannot,  however,  be  safely  asserted  that  the  letters 
(t5  were  used  instead  of  the  letti-r  f  by  the  ancient  Lesbians  ;  for  f  frefjiiently 
ajipears  in  MSS.  as  in  1,  9  ;  2,  3  ;  89,  6,  as  well  as  in  certain  Lesbian  in- 
scriptions, though  these  are  not  very  old.  Hence  the  occasional  <t5  in  our 
MSS.  is  probably  due  to  the  wrainmarians,  who  wished  to  indicate  the  jironun- 
ciatiiiii  i>f  j".  —  2.  XcXdOovTo:  reduplicated  2d  aor.  of  Xavdavui,  G.  534. — 
p.aXoSp6irr)c$  :  from  tJxi\o5p6wev%  (cf  Attic  fj.rj\ot>  =  malum  and  dpiiru). 

93.     Ttu  Evening  Star. 

Metre:  dactylic  (Aeolic)  hexapody. 

Metrical  versions:  Wharton,  pp.   136  ff.  ;  Gentleman's  Magazine,  p.  439. 

I.    afiws  :  =  Attic  ijiii.  —  2.    4^pcis :  in  this  Aeolic  metre  the  license  ^  

is  allowed  in  the  first  foot.  Cf.  the  license  in  logaoedics  in  Alcaeus,  36.  — 
otv  :  G.  268.  —  (^pcis  fi'n-o  fiarepi  irai8a :  either  ( 1 )  thou  hringcst  back  the 
child  to  its  mother ;  or,  (2)  if  this  is  really  a  part  of  a  wedding  song,  thou  dost 
bring  aicay  the  girl  from  her  mother.  The  latter  resembles  Catullus,  62,  20 
f.,  Hespere,  qui  Tiatam  possis  conplexu  avellere  matris.  On  the  dative  /uar^pi 
in  this  latter  interpretation,  G.  1169. 

95.     On  the  Doorkeeper. 

Metre:  dactylic  (Aeolic)  tetrapody  with  license  in  the  first  foot. 

^    ^    I    WW    I    WW    I 

I.  Ovpupw:  he  was  a  friend  of  the  bridegroom,  and  stood  at  the  door  of 
the  tfdXaMos.  The  chorus  of  girls  pretended  to  try  to  rescue  the  bride,  and, 
failing,  revenged  themselves  by  satire  on  the  6vpup6s. 


Anacreox. 

(Flourished  in  last  half  of  sixth  century  b.  c.) 

Xageotte,  II,  pp.  1-23. 
Farnell,  pp.  182-186. 
Smyth,  pp  280-285. 
Page  218.     1.    To  Artemis. 

Metre  :  Logaoedic.  The  Glyconic  Strophe.  This  strophe  con.sists  of  two 
or  more  glyconic  in/stems.  Each  system  seems  to  consist  of  three  or  more 
vi-rses.  But  in  reality  a  sijstem  is  a  single  long  verse,  and  the  verses  which 
ajiparf'ntly  compose  it  are  rhythmical  serins  (*  G.  1637)  rather  than  single 
vf-rse-s  (♦  HA.  1074  b).  Hence  hiatus  and  syllaba  anccpa  are  allowed  only  at 
the  erul  of  a  .system,  *  G.  1636.  On  these  principles,  the  first  .sy.stein  (verses 
1-3)  ill  this  jKXMn  ha-s  properly  the  following  scheme: 

_dl-wwl_w|l_II_dl^^wl_wll_ll_dl^^w|l_l_A 


ANACREON.  21 

But  it  is  commonly  written  thus  ; 

_  d  I  -^^\  _  wl  _ 
_  d  I  -^ywl  _  w  I  _ 
_d  I  ^yw  I  i_  I  _  A 

4.  AtjOaiov :  Lethaeus,  a  tributary  of  the  Maeander  river  in  Caria.  Upon 
it  was  the  city  of  Magnesia.  Note  tlie  shortening  of  the  penult.  —  6.  to-Ka- 
Topa:  iniv.  of  faKaropdui,  the  Ionic  using  the  simple  verb  without  aspiration, 
=  Attic  opduj.  —  7.    \a.lpo\)<ra  :  (jraciously. 

2.     To  Dionysus.     A  prayer  for  the  favor  of  Cleobulus. 

Metre :  Glyconic  strophe. 

Metrical  version,  Gentleman's  Magazine,  p.  442. 

I.  'vo^  •  ^-  ^^-  —  3-  ■''■op<}>vpTi :  rosy.  —  4.  ciriarpci^cai :  thou  art  wander- 
ing over.  On  the  form,  G.  777,  2.  Note  also  the  synizesis.  —  7.  KcxO'pi'CM'^- 
vt^s:  acceptable.  —  8.  eiroKOveiv  :  G.  1536. — 9.  y€Vtv :  Ionic  2d  aor.  imv. 
Cf.  Archilochus,  62,  2.  —  11.   Acvwo-t:  Ionic,  =  Aibvvae. 

4,     To  a  Beautiful  Boy. 

Metre:  Glyconic  strophe. 

Metrical  version,  Gentleman's  Magazine,  p.  442. 

I.  irap64viov  pXcirotv  :  with  a  viaiden's  glance.  For  the  ace,  cf.  70,  1 
and  G.   1054. 

9.      The  Lesbian  Girl. 

Metre  :  Glyconic  strophe. 

1.  o'(|>a(p3]  :  ball -playing  was  symbolical  of  love. — 8t]vt€:  cf.  Sappho,  1, 
15. — 3.  VT|vi :  contracted  from  vrivu,  dat.  of  v'qvLs  (contracted  from  vt^^u), 
cTji'toj,  which  is  in  Attic  reacts,  vtdvihos.  —  8.  &Wtjv  :  sc.  KOtitjv.  —  \a,u-Ki\. : 
is  all  agape. 

32.     Gray  Hairs  and  Death. 

Metre  :    Ionic  tetrameter.     The  fundamental  foot  is  the  ionic  a  minore, 

\j  \j  1 ,  and  the  verse  theoretically  consists  of  four  of  these.     *  G.  1688,  1. 

But  in  any  verse  a  double  trochee,  \j vv,  may  take  the  place  of  two  long 

syllables  and  the  two  following  shorts.     This  is  called  anadasis  ( awKXatrt j, 
breaking  up).     *G.  1688,  2.     Thus  in  verse  1,  instead  of  four  pure  ionic  feet, 

V./W I  ^  Kj |v^v^ I  \j  \y 

we  have 

\^  '■.J  >^    I   w Iv^^v^  W    I    —   W  —   — 

This  poem  may  also  be  considered  as  composed  in  dimeters,  and  the  first 
verse  may  be  written,  with  anacrusi.s,  thus  (Schmidt,  p.  109): 

\j  Kj  :  v.^ '^1  A 

\j  \j  :  v^  \^  \  A 

Metrical  version,  Gentleman's  Magazine,  p.  441. 


22  NOTES   ON    LYRIC   POETS. 

I.  T|(i{v  :  for  tlie  accent,  (!.  .'^Oti. — 2.  irdpa  ;  as  ailv.  with  farl  under- 
stood, =  Trdpeo-rt,  G.  1224.  —  ■Y^pdX.toi:   syiiiztsis.  —  4.    dvao-raXv^w  ;    lament. 

—  5.  'AiScco  :  trisyllabic,  \^  w  _  •  —  6.  Kd9o8os  :  the  regular  Ionic  form 
would  be  KCLTodoi,  cl.  Kardpa,  1,  6. — €Toi(iov .  sc.  iffrl,  it  is  certain. —  («.'f| 
dvapiivai .  synizesis,  G.  47,  2. 

70.      To  a  Coy  Maiden.     Symbolized  by  a  Thracian  filly. 

Metre  :  Lyric  trochees.  Three  strophes.  Each  strophe  consists  of  four 
trochaic  tetrapodies,  the  last  tetrapody  being  catalectic.     *G.  1653,  3  and  4. 

Scheme : 

_v./l_^l_v^l_^ll_wl_^|_^l_w 

_vy|_d|_vy|_dll_v>|_^|_w|_A 
Metrical  version,  Gentleman's  Magazine,  p.  442. 

I.  Xo^ov  pXtirovo-a  :  sidelong  glancing.  For  the  construction,  cf.  4,  1,  and 
for  Xofov,  cl.  TyrtM.Hi.s,  9,  2.  — 2.   Sokcvs  :  you  thiiik.  —  |i.c  :  subject  of  tlSivai. 

—  cro^xSv:  skilful.  —  3.  toi  :  the  first  tol  is  the  ))article,  the  second  is  the 
pronoun.  — 5.    Xci^xuvas :  :i  strange  ace,  resembling  those  treated  in  G.  1057. 

—  Pdo-Ktai,  :  synizesis, — 6.  iTrtroo-eipTjv  :  driver.  Found  only  here;  cf. 
ffiipd,  cord.  —  iiri^fia.-n\v  :  charioteer. 

SiMONrDES. 
(.550-448  B.  c.) 

Farnell,  pp.  197-206. 
Nageotte,  II,  pp.  82-141. 
Smyth,  pp.  301-308. 

Page  233.    1.     Ode  on  those  ichofell  at  Thermopylae. 

Metre :  It  is  probable  that  we  have  here  only  a  fragment  of  a  poem,  though 
the  sense  of  what  remains  is  complete.  The  metre  is  much  disputed,  but  it 
may  be  written  in  logaoedics.  The  first  verse  is  then  a  tetrapody  ;  the  next 
four  are  hexapodies  ;  the  sixth,  .seventh,  and  eighth  consist  each  of  a  tetra- 
pody -|-  a  tripody ;  and  the  ninth  verse  is  a  tetrapody.  In  the  seventh  verse 
insert  xal  (for  w'hich  there  is  MS.  authority)  in  our  text  before  Aeuvl8as. 

Scheme  : 

_  >  I  -^w  I  -v^^  1     —^ 


-A 


(5)  _w|-^^wl_v^|_>l_v^l_A 

^..yvyl-v.'wl     _w|      _wll     _w|_w|_A 

_>|^^v^|-^w|       _V^II       _w|        L_        |_A 


w 


A 


Metrical  version  by  Sterling  in  Appleton,  p.  125. 


SIMONIDES.  23 

2.  a  Tv^a  :  Doric  =  f|  tvxti,  , /"'•/'""'.  — -nor ^o^  :  fall,  death.  The  ])enult 
is  coiniiioii  ill  (luantity  (G.  100),  but  in  the  above  sclieiiu'  it  is  taken  as  long. 

—  3.  Pa>|xbs  8'  6  Td<j>os  :  their  tomb  is  an  altar.  The  meaning  may  be  general, 
or  perliaps  Simonides  thought  of  them  as  to  be  worshipped  as  Heroes  at  the 
tomb.  Leonidas  was  actually  so  worshipped  in  Sparta.  —  Trpo  :  instead  of.  — 
(ivacrris  :  fama.  —  6  8'  oIktos  ^iraivos  :  their  dirge  becomes  a  h//mn  of  praise. 

—  4.  «VTd<J>iov  :  AT.  «I|ia,  winding  sheet.  — 5.  toiovtov '•  for  the  quantity  of 
the  tirst  syllable  see  on  Tyrtaeus,  8,  20.  —  6.  o-aKOS  :  =  Att.  (ttj/vos.  —  oUcTav  : 
in  apposition  with  cvSo^tav  on  which  'EWdSos  depends.  8.  dpcrds  Kdo-jxov  : 
u  croicn  of  valor. 

41.     The  hill  of  Virtue. 

Cf.  Hesiod,  Op.,  289  ff.  : 

T^s  5'  dper^j  ibpCxra  deal  vpoTrdpoiOev  idriKav 
dOdvaTot.   ■  fxaKpbs  di  Kal  6pdioi  olpoi  is  avrrjv 
Kal  Tpr^xiis  t6  irpwrov   '  fTri/f  5'  eis  d.Kpov  iKTjTai, 
prfCSlr)  5r)  iireira    TriXei,   x'l^f'i?  inp  eovca.. 

Metre :  if  written  as  logaoedic,  the  first  and  fifth  verses  are  tripodies  ;  the 
second,  third,  and  fourth  are  hexapodies  ;  the  sixth  is  a  pentapody  ;  the  last  a 
dipody. 


Scheme  : 

_wl 

-^1 

_  A 

-^^  1 

_>l 

-wl 

^ 

>  : 

_  w  1 

->l 

_^l 

\J 

_^l 

L_        1 

^wl 

_> 

(5) 

>i 

^^^  1 

_v^  1 

—  vy 

_>|    _A 

I.  X^>o$  :  saying,  stori/.  —  3.  d-yvdv  (iiv  Qtav  her,  a  holy  goddess.  Note 
the  synzesis  of  Otdv.  — X'*P*>*' ■  ■'<P<"-'<^,  subject  of  dn^eireiv,  is  all  about,  i.  c. 
protects.  —  5.  <u  jiTJ  .  .  .  IioXt)  :  the  relative  ^  is  singular  because  it  refers  only 
to  an  individual  of  the  number  denoted  by  the  plural  antecedent  OvaTwv,  HA. 
629  b.  For  the  dative  case,  G.  1166.  The  entire  clause  is  e(iuivalent  to  a 
present  general  condition,  with  df  omitted,  G.  1437.  It  may  be  translated  :  save 
to  him  from  irhom  issueth  forth  the  sweat  that  consumes  the  heart.  —  6.  \i.6\y\  : 
note  that  the  final  syllable  is  scanned  as  short,  being,  as  it  were,  half  elided 
before  the  following  vowel.  —  I'k^]  t  :  and  who  attains.  In  English  we  repeat 
the  relative,  but  the  Greeks  did  not  repeat  it  in  a  new  case  :  G.  1040,  1041.  — 
dKpov :  pinnacle,  cf.  Tyrtaeus  10,  43. 


Epigrams. 
In  the  Elegiac  distich. 


24  NOTES   ON   LYRIC   POETS. 

75.   Inscription /or  th^  field  of  Marathon. 

Metrical  version  by  Sterling  in  Ajtiileton,  y.  125. 

1.  -irpofiaxovvrts :  chainpiovs. — 2.  xpv(rv<j>opci)v  :  yiUled,  since  the  term 
seems  to  be  a  slur  on  the  rich  costume  of  the  Persians. 

77.  Inscription  at  TJtermopylae. 

2.  T^Top«s:  Doric  =  r^TTOpes. 

78.  '  hi  the  Spartans  who  fell  at  Thermopylae. 

Metrical  versions  numerous:  cf.  Appleton,  p.  126;  Symonds,  II,  p.  28& 
[288]  ;  Miss  Strettell  in  Tonison's  Selections  from  the  Greek  Anthology,^.  254  ; 
and  Cicero's  version  (  Tusc.  1,  101)  : 

Die,  hospes  Spartae,  tios  te  hie  vidisse  iaeentis 
Duin  Sanctis  patriae  legibus  obseqiumur. 

I.    dy^AAciv  :  G.  1536. 

79.  On  the  seer  Megistias,  who  re/vsed  to  abandon  Leonidas. 

1.  McyuTTia  :  Doric  genitive,  G.  188,  3.  —  2.  Sir€px«wv  :  a  river  which 
the  Persians  had  to  cross  (cf.  afui\l/dfievoi)  before  reaching  the  Pass. 

99.    Epitaph  of  Gorgo,  a  young  girl. 

2.  S^as  :  =  Attic  Seipri^,  — 3.  p,fvois  :  G.  1507. — 4.  KaScfiova  :  =  Attic 
K^^O(^w^'a. 

110.    Epitaph  0/  Leon.     On  his  tomb  a  lion  was  sculptured. 
1 .    6vaT«v  :  se.  KaprtaTds  iffri. 

125.    Dedicato'nj  inscription. 

King  Pausanias  caused  this  distich  to  be  inscribed  on  the  golden  tripod 
which  was  made  out  of  the  tithe  of  the  Persian  spoils  and  dedicated  by  the 
Greeks  to  the  god  at  Delphi.  The  boastful  words  were  at  once  erased  and  the 
names  of  the  Greek  cities  were  substituted.     See  Thuc.  1,  132. 

I .    &pxaY<is  :  =  ipXT/^J,  cf.  fiva/ia  in  verse  2. 

129.    Dedicatory  inscription. 

To  commemorate  a  victory  won  by  a  dithyrambic  chorus. 

I.  ^pX*y  ■  ''■'''*  archon.  His  year  was  477  b.  c.  This  fact,  coupled  with 
ir/ou>Kovra^T(i  in  the  sixth  verse  gives  us  the  date  of  the  birth  of  Simonides.  — 
5.    8v8ao-KaXCT)  :  teaching,  i.  e.  the  rehearsing  of  the  choms. 

133.    ./  rir/or  in  the  irtvradXov.     .See  on  Xenophanes  2,  2. 

I.  'lo-^iiia  :  sc.  i<pd,  the  Isthrnia/n  ganves.  For  the  ace,  G.  1052.  — IIwOoi: 
at  Pylh/j  (G.  1196),  the  oldest  name  of  Delphi. 


HYBKIAS   THE   CKETAN.  25 

139.   Inscription  for  the  fresco  called  the  '  Capture  of  Troy.' 
At  Delphi.     Described  by  Paiisaiiias  10,  25-27. 
I.  Ypa«|/€  :  painted.  —  noXriYvcoTos  :  this  painter  nourished  in  475-455  B.  c. 


Hybiuas  the  Cretan. 

Page  275.     Song  of  a  Free  Lance.     Cf.   Archilochus  2,   and   the  motto  of 

Quentin  Durward  : 

'  La  guerre  est.  ma  patrie, 
Mon  liarnois  ma  inaison, 
Et  en  toute  saisoii, 
Combattre  c'est  ma  vie.' 

The  French  seems  to  be  taken  from  the  old  Spanish  ballad  (Roviaiicero 
General  300,  translated  by  Lock  hart  in  his  Spanish  Ballads)  beginning 

Mis  arreos  sou  las  arraas 
Ml  descanso  el  pelear. 

Metre  :  logaoedic.  The  first,  second,  fourth,  and  fifth  verses  are  hexapo- 
dies  ;  the  third  is  a  tetrapody.  In  the  fifth  verse  the  two  strophes  do  not 
exactly  agree,  as  is  shown  iu    the  following  scheme  : 


-^\ 

_>l 

_wl 

-^wl 

_>l 

._W   1 

>: 

-WW   1 

_>l 

_w1 

> : 

_W   1 

_W   1 

_wl 

r      \ 

_>l 

_W   1 

-WW   1 

_  A 


I  _ 


w  I  _  w  I  _  A 

wl     L_      I  _  A 
^     \     _w|-ww|      _wi      _wl      L_      l_A 

Metrical  version  by  Thomas  Campbell,  see  his  works  or  -Symonds  I,  p.  285 
(302)  ;  by  Sir  Edwin  Arnold  in  Appleton,  p.  127. 

2.  Xaio-ifiiov  ■  buckler,  piobably  of  raw-hide.  —  -irp^pXTKia  xP^^ds  :  >ny 
body's  defence.  On  xp^tos,  cf.  .Sappho,  2,  10.  —4.  irareu) .  /  /read.  Note 
the  synizesis.  —  dfx-ire'Xw  :  Doric  genitive,  G.  204,  1- —  5.  Sfo-irords  :  Doric 
nominative,  =  5ea-7r6r7;s.  —  \xvo'ias  :  of  serfs,  genitive  singular.  A  Cretan  word 
applied  to  the  class  of  public  slaves.  —  6.  rot :  =  oi.  —  roXfiiuvri :  Doric  3d 
pers.  pi.  pres.  indie,  O.  556,5.  Cf.  Kwiovn,  ver.se  9.  —  8.  *ydvv  :  depends  on 
dM0'.  — •n-tirTT)<l*T€s  :  crouching.  Epic.  2d  perfect  of  Trr^crcru).  —  9.  d|i6v  :  Doric, 
=  ifjibi:  —  Kvvt'ovTi :  note  the  syuizesis. 


26  NOTES  ON  LYRIC  POETS. 


POrULAK  POKTRY. 

(  *  Muro,  111,  pp.  11!)-128. 
(  *  Smyth,  pp.  488-497. 
Nageotte,  I,  Chap.  i. 

Children  s  Gaines. 

Page  322,  No.  21.     Flour r  Soih)  and  Dance. 

or  this  Atlienaeus  (p.  629  E)  says  :  ijv  5^  nal  irapa.  Tohidiibrat^  (common 
people)  7)  KaXovfx^fr]  dvOefia.  rair-qv  5k  wpxoOvTO  fj.era.  Xi^eui  Toiavrr)S 
fufiov/xevoi  Kal  Xiyovres  (then  lie  (piotes  the  two  ver.ses). 

Metre  :  doubtful,  but  it  may  be  written  as  logaoedics  thus:  — 

>:  vy|v^w>  I  v^|'^v-/>  II  '^Iwv^'^li I  A 

\^    :  wjww'^    I  wjv^wvy    II  v^i^w^jl I  A 

22.  Blind  nian'ti  buff. 

Pollux  (9,  P23)  describes  the  game  as  follows:  tj  bi  X"^'^^  fxma,  raiviq. 
Til)  6<pda\iJ.u)  irepi(T(piy^avTes  €v6s  7rat56s,  6  fxkv  ir€picrTp4<perai  ktjp^ttoiv 
"  yaXx^f  pn'iav  Oijpdaii},"  oi  5'  dTroKpivdfxevoi  ^^  drjpiffeti,  dW  oii  X^^et," 
ffKVT((Ti  ^v^Xivoii  iraiovfTiv,  ?ws  Tt^'ds  avrCiv  XdjSijrat. 

Metre  :  the  syllables  are  all  long,  and  the  verses  may  be  read  with  or 
without  anacrusis. 

I.  x'^'^'H*'  H'^ittv:  bronze  fly.  The  Italians  call  their  game  mosca  cieca, 
hliint  Jlji ;  the  Germans  blinde  Kuh,  blind  cow. 

23.  The  Tortoise  Gamje. 

Described  by  Pollu.x'  (9,  125)  thus:  ^  5^  x^^^X^^^^V,  irap64vwv  (arlv  r; 
irai5id  '  i)  /xif  yap  KdOrirai  Kai  KaXeirai  x^^'^^'Vt  <i'  ^^  Trepi.Tpix'>^"^i-v  dvtpw- 
TMTai  (then  he  quoti;s  the  verses,  assigning  them  alternately  to  the  other 
girls  and  the  *  tortoise '). 

Metre  :  logaoedic  hexapodies  catalectic,  with  anacrusis  in  all  but  tlie 
second  verse. 

Metrical  version,  Mure  III,  ]>.  127. 

I.  x^^^X*^"*^  '■  *''^  syllaV)les  x*^'-  'ire  only  a  kind  of  repetition  of  the 
first  part  of  x«XuJi'7;,  as  we  might  say  oh  tortietorlmse.  — iroUis:  note  the  three 
sylliiii'-;..  ^Vith  Ti  we  thus  have  a  tribrach  ,^  ^  v^.  as  in  verse  3. — 2. 
(uxpvop.a>  :  Doric,  =  fj.ripvou.ai..  For  the  elision,  G.  51.  —  4.  oXaro:  Doric, 
=:  ijSaTo  from   dWofxai. 


POPULAR   POETRY.  27 

Middles  (yplcpoi). 
*  Becker's  Charicles,  pp.  97-lUO  (English  edition). 
32.    Apollo. 

Metre  :  Elegiac  distich. 

I .  €v  4>avcp9L :  i.  e.  eV  AtjX^.  —  -ycvdixav .  Doric,  =  €y€vbtJ.r)v.  —  2.  dp(.6|i.olo 
irois :  child  of  imitibcr.  Leto,  mother  of  Apollo,  was  the  daughter  of  the 
Titan  Koioy  (Coeus)  and  in  the  Macedonian  tongue  koIos  meant  dpid/jUis. 

35.     Time. 

Metre:  iambic  trimeter. 
37.     A  Parasite. 

Metre  :  iambic  trimeter. 

Page  131.     A  Riddle  by  Panarces. 

Answer  :  Eunuch,  bat,  fennel,  pumice. 
Metre  :  iambic  trimeter. 
4.    P«iXoi :  GMT.  676. 

Page  324,  No.  44.      The  Siva/loir  soiuj  ;  x^^'-^^'^^'^l^"- 

Sung  in  Rhodes  in  the  Spring  by  chiklien,  who  went  from  house  to 
bouse  collecting  cakes,  bread,  etc. 

Metre  :  logaoedic.  Verses  1-10  inclusive  are  dipodies  with  anacrusis,  ex- 
cept verse  3,  which  is  a  tripody  without  anacrusis. 

w  :  — ^  w  I  w 

The  anacrusis  may  be  ^,  >,  ^^^^.     See  G.  1680. 

Verse  11  is  a  dipody  without  anacrusis.     Verse    12,    forming  a  transition, 

consists  of  two  series,  each  a  tetrapody  : 

_^|_>|_w|ww^ll_wl_v.^   |_w|_A 
Verses  13-16  and  19-20  are  hexapodies  : 

Verses  17-18  are  dipodies: 

>  :  _  w  I  _  ^ 

v^w  :  — ^  w  I  . A 

In  several  of  these  verses  the  anaciusis  is  double,  consisting  of  two  short 
syllables.  But  since  an  anacrusis  must  always  be  etjual  in  time  to  the  arsis, 
these  two  syllables  must  have  been  sung  in  the  time  of  one  ordinary  short 
syllable.     Cf.    B  --    h 

Metrical  versions:  Mure  III,  p.  123;  Symonds  I,  288  [304],  Appleton, 
p.   128. 

2.  KaXds  oipas :  the  final  syllables,  though  in  ace.  plurals,  are  short  in  the 
Doric.     Attic  would  have  Ka\ds  wpds,  tlie  a  being  lengthened  by  compensation 


28  NOTES  ON  LYRIC  POETS. 

for  i>iiginal  xaAdcs  wpavs.  See  G.  Itiy  and  30.  C(".  Tyrtaeiis  2,  7  and  7,  1.  — 
&yov<ra. :  bring ituj.  —  6.  iroXdOav  :  =  iraXddtiv,  cake  of  ( pressed) //'WiY.  —  <ru  : 
aildiessed  to  the  man  of  the  house. —  irpoKVKXtiv :  trundle  out.  G.  1536. — 
12.  iroTcpa :  G.  1606. — dir^up^s  :  Doric,  —  dir'nafiev,  cf.  verses  13,  14,  16. 
See  G.  556,  4  and  777,  1.  For  the  mood,  G.  1358.  —  13.  «l  8uo-eis  :  apodosis 
OMiitted.  G.  1416,  cf.  Lysias  24,  2.  This  is  not  a  liitiin-  nmdition  ;  see  G. 
1391. —  14.  \L^  ovK :  note  the  synizesis.  — ovk  €d<ro|xes  :  ""'■  iron't  let  you  be. 
— 14.  4>«'paipi(s  :  the  sulijunctive  here  seems  to  have  a  future  force,  as  in 
Homer,  G.  ISoTi.  —  6ov-n-€p9vpov  :  i.  e.  to  viripdvpov. —  16.  TriKpd :  a  little 
creature.  —  17.    <HPI1S  ■  'J^^'-  — ^8.    <|>€pois  :  G.  1507. 


Scolia. 


*  Mure,  III,  pp.  98-110. 
»  Farnell,  ]>p.  232-238. 
♦Smyth,  pp.  .\L-v-(;vii. 
M.  &D.  I,  Cliap.  13,  §§  16,  17. 

Page  329.     7-10.     Harmodius  and  Aristoyeiton.     *  Curtius,  Hist.  Greece, 
I.  p.  396. 

Metre  :  logaoedic.     Two  pentapodies  (Phalaeceans,  HA.  1111,  q)  +  a  verse 
consisting  of  two  dipodies  +  a  verse  consisting  of  two  tripodies. 
Scheme  : 

2/    I    — ^  \y    \      W    I       W    I    KJ 

s-/  I  — ^  w  I     w  I     w  I  vy 

\j\j  :  \y  \      i_     II  —\^  v^  I     A 

-\./  v^  I      _  v^    I        l_       II  —\.J  w   I  _   w   I  _.  A 

In  verse  2  of  Nos.  7,  9,  and  10,  Kai  must  be  scanned  as  one  syllal)le  with 
the  following  vowel.     Omit  the  word  i<rd\bv  in  verse  4  of  No.  8. 
Metrical  versions  in  Symonds  I,  283  [301];  Appleton,  p.  127  . 

7.  I  |it)pTov  kXoS^  :  the  singer  of  a  scolion  held  a  myrtle  bough,  and  it 
appears  from  this  .song  that  Harmodius  and  Aristogeiton  concealed  their 
daggers  under  the  myrtle  wreaths  which  they  wore  in  the  Panathenaic  pro- 
cession.—  kXoSC:  dative,  as  if  from  kXcls,  K\aS6$,  forms  which  do  not  occur. 
The  ace.  (c\d5o,  the  dat.  plural  KXdSeai  and  ace.  jihiral  A-XdSas  are  found. 
The  usual  word  is  K\d5os,  K\d8ov.  —  4.  eiroiTia-dTTiv :  note  the  shortening 
and  cf.  ' AO-rjfalrjt  in  9,   3. 

8.  2.  vT|<rois  p.aKdpb>v  :  the  Islands  0/  the  Blessed  are  first  mentioned  by 
He^iod.  They  correspond  to  the  Elysiaii  Plain  of  Homer,  Od.  4,  563.  See 
the  account  of  the  F<rrtuiuUc  Isles  in  Baring-Gould's  Curious  Mytlis  of  the 
Middle  Ages. 

16.     A  Good  Comrade. 

Metre:  great<^;r  Asclepiadean,  cf.  Alcaeus  46. 

2.    fi.a{v<o  :  revel. 


EPIGRAMS.  29 


23.  A  Wish. 

Metre  :  logaoedic.     Two  scries  in  each  verse. 

Note  the  assonance  of  the  syncopated  sylhibles  in  these  and  the  following 
verses.     Metrical  versions  of  both  in  Mure,  III,  p.  108. 

24.  A  Wish. 

Metre  :  same  as  in  No.  23. 

I.  Airvpov  :  unsmeUed,  i.  e.  pure.  —  xpu«rCov:  pToha.h\y  a  golden  ornament, 
whence  (popoitj  means,  as  usual,  wear.  Others  interpret  it  golden  vase.  — ■ 
2.  KaOapiiv  Ociicvt]  v<5ov  :  that  huth  made  her  mind  pure,  i.  e.  of  pure  thoughts. 
Cf.  Theognis,  89  (p.  70)  and  Tyrtaeus,  9,  5. 


EPIGRAMS. 

Metre  :  Elegiac  distich. 

*  J.  W.  Mackail :  Select  Epigrnmsfroni  the  Greek  Anthology,  pp.  1-8. 

Symonds,  II,  Chap.  xxii.  (x.\i). 

G.  R.  Tonison  :  Selections  from  the  Greek  Anthology,  Introductory  note. 

'  The  fine  tact  which  says  all  and  leaves  it  said,  unblurred  by  afterthought.' 

—  Lowell. 

Aeschylus. 

(a2J-4JO  B.  c.) 

Page  1 24,  No.  3.     His  own  Epitaph. 

Prose  version  :  Mackail,  p.  144. 

I.  Ev4>opC<«)vos :  son  of  Enphorion,  cf.  G.  95-3.  —  2.  irvpo(|>dpoio  :  v-heat- 
bearing.  — FeXas :  in  Gela  (G.  1137),  a  city  on  the  southern  coast  of  Sicily. 

—  3.  tvSoKifJiov  :  agrees  with  dXA-Tjc. —  &Xo-os  :  precinct,  where  the  hero  Mara- 
thon was  worshipped.  —  4.    €irio-Tdfi€VOS  :   icho  kneio  it. 

Ion. 

Page  127,  No.  5.     On  Euripides. 

This  cannot  have  been  composed  by  the  great  tragic  poet  Ion,  for  he  died 
before  421  b.  f.,  and  Euripides  not  until  406.  It  may  be  by  the  rhapsodist 
Ion  of  Ephesus. 

Metrical  version:  Symonds  II,  302  [302];  Tomson,  p.  108;  Appleton, 
p.   307. 

I.  yuaXowriv  :  vales.  —  2.  vvktos  9dXa|Jiov  :  i.  e.  bedchamber. — 3.  <3v  : 
concessive. 


30  NOTKS  OX  LYRIC  POETS. 


Page  144,  No.  2.     The  Tomb  of  ^Svphocles. 

Atlribute.i,  tlioush  probably  falsely,  to  Sinimias  of  Thebes,  the  friend  of 
Socrates  and  himself  a  philosopher.  It  may  possibly  be  by  Sinmiias  of 
Rhodes,  an  Alexandrine  poet. 

Metrical  version:  Symonds,  II,  301  [301];  Tonison,  p.  250;  Appleton,  p. 
316.     Prose  version  :  Mackail,  p.  166. 

I.  ''|p^(i'<*^:  fniderhj,  gently.  —  2.  tpirv^ois :  creep.  On  the  mood,  G, 
1507.  —  ^KXpoxcW  :  spreading  out,  Uiiujing  forth.  —  irXoKdjiovs :  tresses.  — 
4.  trypd  :  f:(ifl,  pliant.  — 5.  cv|j.aOli]s :  ready  wisdom .  — 6.  dfipLiya  :  adverb, 
by  apocope  and  assimilation  for  ava^iya.  Mingled  of  the  Muses  and  Die 
Graces. 

Plato. 

(427-348  B.  c.) 

The  authenticity  of  the  epigrams  attributed  to  Plato  is  much  doubted  and 
discussed.     See  Mackail,  pp.  289  and  316. 

Page  138,  No.  4.     Dedication  of  a  Mirror. 

To  Aphrodite  from  Lai.s,  a  famous  courtesan. 

Metrical  versions:  Tomson,  pp.  225  f.     Prose  version  :  Mackail,  p.  131. 

I.  ■^  :  I  that.  —  <roPc4>dv:  haughtily,  ej-ultantly,  G.  1054.  —  3.  IIcM^tT] : 
=  Aphrodite,  see  on  Tyrtaeus,  10,  6.  —  toCi]  :  such  as  I  am.  —  opdo-Oai :  to 
f^c  myself. 

9.     On  the  Eretrian  Captives. 

In  the  first  Persian  invasion,  B.  c.  490,  Eretria  was  captured  by  Datis. 
The  citizens  were  carried  away  to  Asia  and  were  settled  by  King  Darius  in  the 
Cissian  territory,  not  far  from  Susa.  See  Grote,  Hist.  Greece,  Chap.  x.\xvi. 
This  epigram  may  have  been  compo-sed  by  the  great  Plato. 

Metrical  version  :  Tomson,  p.  232.     Prose  version  :  Mackail,  p.  143. 

I.  pcipv^pofiov  olSp.a  :  the  dccp-booming  surge.  —  2.  'EKpardvwv  :  Ec})a- 
tana  was  the  cliicf  city  in  Media.  —  |i€<r>lT(i> :  midmost.  For  the  form  see  on 
viaroi,  .Solon,  12,  10. 

12.     Epitaph  of  a  Shipn-rerked  Man. 

.Some  wretch  had  found  an<l  stripf)e(l  his  body. 

Metrical  version  :  Tomson,  ji.  233. 

I.  S^SopKOf :  2d  perfect  of  o^pKonai,  useil  in  j)re.sent  sense.  —  2.  ■irujj.dTou: 
for  the  form  .set;  on  •'^aroi,  Solon,  12,  10.  —  4.  too-o-ov  :  so  great.  —  Td<r«rov: 
so  little.  —  KipBto^  :  for  the  case,  G.  1 1 27.  —  dpdficvos :  taking  upon  hiin-telf, 
from  atpui.  —  6.    Mlvb>9 :  one  of  the  judges  in  Hades,  cf.  Plat,  yipol.  41  A. 


ANACREONTICS.  31 

14.  Love  and  the  Stars. 

This  and  the  following  epigram  are  probably  by  the  great  Plato.  Aster  is 
said  to  have  been  one  of  his  pupils. 

Metrical  versions  numerous:  Tomson,  pp.  220-222  ;  Symonds,  II,  323 
[323];  Appleton,  p.  314.      Prose  version  :   Mackail,  p.  107. 

15.  The  Morning  Star  and  the  Evening  Star.     To  Aster  dead. 

Metrical  version  by  Shelley  in  Symonds,  II,  p.  293  [293];  Tomson,  p.  229; 
Appleton,  p.  314;  also  the  following  by  Fitzgerald:  — 

Star  of  the  morning  shinedst  thou 

Ere  life  had  fled ; 
Star  of  the  evening  art  thou  now 

Among  the  dead. 

Prose  version :  Mackail,  p.  264. 

Speusippus. 
(Nephew  and  pupil  of  Plato.) 
Page  147.     Epitaph  of  Plato. 

Demosthenes. 

(383-322  B.C.) 
Page  147.     Inscription  on  his  Statue. 

Set  up  in  Athens  280  B.C.  The  epigiam  was  often  ascribed  in  antiquity  to 
Demosthenes  himself. 


ANACREONTICS. 

*M.  &  D.,  I,  pp.  247-249. 
Nageotte,  II,  pp.  23-43. 

Metrical  versions  numerous:  especially  famous  are  the  translations  or  imi- 
tations by  Thomas  Moore.  These  versions  are  cited  below  by  the  numbering 
which  he  emidoyed. 

Page  346.     7.     Carpe  Diem. 

Metre :  it  may  be  written  either  (1)  Jis  a  lyric  iambic  dimeter  catalectic 
(*G:  1665,  3;  1640,  2)  : 

d_^  _  I  wl 

or  more  simply  (2)  as  an  iambic  tetrapody  with  anacrusis  and  syncope  in  the 
third  foot  (Schmidt,  p.  107,  I): 

d;_v^|_w|L_|_A 
Metrical  versions:  Appleton,  p.  320;  Moore,  Ode  18. 


32  NOTES  ON  LYRIC  POETS. 

1.  Cf.  Archilochus,  19.  Note  the  syiiizesis  in  ri'7ew. — 3,  ^tjXos:  emula- 
tion, a  worthy  ))assiou,  as  opposed  to  <pd6voi.  Note  that  j"  does  uot  make 
jxisitiou  here  or  in  15,  1  and  2.  This  iiappens  sometimes  in  Homer  and  here 
and  there  in  other  poetry.  —  11-15.    These  verses  are  probably  a  later  addition. 

15.     0/1  his  Swedheart's  Portrait. 

Metre:  Ionic  dimeter.  Anaclasis  in  everj'  verse  except  the  third.  For 
this  metre,  see  on  Anacreon,  32.     Cf.  Schmidt,  p.  107,  II,  A  and  B. 

Scheme : 

\^  \^  \y  \  Ky 

For  verse  3,  ww ^|  w 

Metrical  version  by  Moore,  Ode  16. 

2.  YP<>^<t*<=  for  the  meaning  cf.  Simonides,  139.  —  3.  'Po8£ris:  Rhodes  was 
famous  for  its  painters,  although  at  a  time  much  later  tlian  that  of  the  real 
Aniicreon. — Kolpavc  master. — 4.  aircovcrav  :  absent.  —  ws  &v  tltra:  as  I 
shall  direct,  cf.  Horn.  //.  2,  139,  dW  dytd'  djs  civ  (yih  eliru,  irnduitieda.  iravres. 
G.  1434.  —  8.  KTjpos :  wax  colors  were  used  by  the  ancients  in  encaustic 
painting.  See  Smith,  Diet.  Antiq.  II,  p.  392  ff . ;  also  an  ancient  Gmeco- 
Egyptian  picture  in  the  Boston  Museum  of  Fine  Arts.  —  av:  //. — 9.  jivpov  : 
cf.  0.  1107. — 10.  f|:  after.  —  SXr^s  irapcitjs  :  a  ichole  cheek.  The  picture  was 
to  be  in  profile  or  half  profile;  hciicc  only  one  cheek  appeared  in  full. — 
II.  ■irop<|>vpai(ri :  dark.  —  13.  |ico'6({>pvov  :  the  space  between  the  eyebrows; 
here  used  for  the  eyebrows  themselves.  —  (jiif|  .  .  .  \ilary( :  don't  divide  nor  com- 
iniiirfle.  —  15.  tjfjiru :  let  it  (i.  e.  in  the  picture)  harr.  The  subject  is  nfffb<t>pvov. 
Sirios  iKiLvy\:  like  herself,  i.  e.  the  real  woman.  —  16.  rb  .  .  .  o-vvo<|>pv :  bruics 
i/n/jcrcfjiliblij  blending.  —  17.  Itov  :  in  ap))osition  with  awoippv.  —  18.  vvv  : 
next,  cf.  t6  irpCrrov,  6.  — ig.  dirj:  out  of. —  20.  &|ia  .  .  .  &(Jia:  '//  once  .  .  . 
and. — YXavK6v  :  tiJi-amimf.  —  21.  v-ypov  :  melting,  languishiiig.  —  KwOVjpT^S  : 
C'ythera,  i.  e.  Aplirodite.  —  24.  IltiOovs  :  see  on  Sappho,  1,  18. — 26.  ?o-o»  : 
i.e.  beneath. — 30.  viiroirop4>vpoto-t  ;  note  the  force  of  inrd.  31.  <rapKuv  : 
dei>ends  on  dXiyov.  —  32.  i\iy\ov  :  participle  governing  (7u)fia. —  33.  air^x*''  ■ 
i7  is  enough.  — 34.    Kai  :   strengthens  XaXriaeis. 

21.     Drinking. 

Metrical  version  by  Moore,  Ode  21. 
Metre:  same  as  in  No.  7. 

2.  S^vSpca:  Ionic,  =  S^vSpa;  G.  291,  9.-4-5.  '^^^  Stoics  taught  that  the 
sun's  fire  was  fed  by  the  vapors  of  the  ocean,  and  that  the  moon  absorbed  her 
light  from  the  sun.  Cf.  Cic.  N.  D.  2,  40,  ergo,  incjuit  (Cleanthes) ,  cum 
s  o  1  i  g  n  e  u  s  sit  0  c  e  a  n  i  ij  u  (!  a  1  a  t  u  r  u  m  o  r  i  b  u  s  etc.  —  7.    KavrJi :  /  too. 

23.     His  Lyre. 

Metre  :  same  as  in  No.  7. 

Metrical  versions:   Moore,  Oile  23;   Byron,  in  Hours  of  Idleness. 

I.  Xi^f IV :  celehrnt'. — 'ArpcCSas :  i.  <■.  tlii-  jioet  wished  to  compose  epic 
fioetry.  So  KdS/xo"-  —  3-  a:  Doric,  =  7;.  —  ^appiros  :  this  word  and  Xi^pij,  6, 
are  usfd  synonymously  in  the  Anacreontics.  — 10.  Xoiirdv:  instead  of  the 
usual  rh  Xoiirliv.  — y\^^v  :  ethi<'al  dntivi'. 


ANACREONTICS.  33 

24.      Woman's  Beauty. 

Metre  :  same  as  in  No.  7. 
Metrical  version  :  Moore,  Otle  24. 

I.  K^pdra :  note  the  (juantity.  So  in  Attic,  but  short  in  Homer.  —  4. 
Xa<rji' 680VTWV  :  gaping  rows  of  teeth.  —  5.  tovtiktov:  G.  933.  —  6.  iriraa-Qai: 
from  TT^Ta/jLai,  a  poetic  and  late  prose  collateral  lorm  of  irerofj-ai.  Note  the 
infinitive  used  as  a  substantive  without  the  article.  — 7.  <j)povT](ia:  thought, 
intelligence.  —  9.  rt  o5v :  an  admissible  hiatus.  See  on  Solon,  12,  76.  —  10. 
dirao-dv :  Doric  genitive  plural. 

31.     Cupid. 

Metre  :  same  as  in  No.  15. 

Metrical  versions  :  Appleton,  p.  322  ;  Moore,  Ode  33. 

I.  dipais:  not  hours  in  our  sense.  Tlie  expression  /xeaovvKTiais  uipaL^ — 
fj-eaovaris  fVKTos. — 2.  <rTp^(j>€Tai ;  begins  to  decline.  For  the  elision,  G.  51. 
"ApKTos :  the  tail  of  the  Great  Bear  is  close  to  the  hand  of  Bootes.  —  5. 
KTtarai :  G.  819.  Note  that  this  is  plural,  although  its  subject  is  a  neuter 
plural.  But  cf.  21,  2.  —  6.  tirio-xaGeis  :  stopped.  Instead  of  the  usual  2d 
aor.  eTTto-rds. — 7.  Ovpe'wv  oxtias :  i.  e.  my  bolted  door. — 9.  (rx^ttis  :  note 
that  f  here  does  not  make  position.  In  7,  3  and  15,  1  and  2  this  phenomenon 
occurred  when  f  was  an  initial  consonant.  —  11.  Ppe({>os:  the  conception  of 
Eros  as  a  little  child  (Cupid)  is  post-classical.  Ic  does  not  belong  to  the  real 
Anacreon  ;  cf.  his  fragment  48,  ]>.  22.').  —  p.^  ^6^y]<rai :  instead  of  the  usual 
present  imperative,  G.  1347. —  12.  KatreXiivov  :  =  ^at  a.a^Xrii'oi'.  —  13.  ireirXd- 
VTjpiai:  I  hnve  lost  my  xnay.  —  15.  &va :  belongs  to  ai//as  (from  aTrro;),  as  /card 
in  9  to  (Tx/feis.  —  17.  ttropw  :  note  the  change  to  the  vivid  present  tense. — 
<(>^povTa :  masculine,  although  ^petpos  is,  grammatically  speaking,  neuter. 
The  constructio  ad  scnsum,  G.  921.  —  19.  i<TTlr]v  :  Ionic,  —  eaTiav.  —  Ka0io-a  : 
aor.  of  KaOi^io,  found  too  in  the  older  Attic.  Homer  has  Kadiaa,  without 
augment.  Xenoplioii  has*  eKadiaa.  —  23.  pcOfiKCV  intransitive  from  /xediritii) 
ceased,  was  gone.  —  24.  Treipderupev :  the  quantity  shows  that  the  verb  is 
Ttipd^uj,  not  TTfipdw.  —  26.  Ppax«io"a  :  from  jSpex^.  —  28.  ■^irap  :  the  liver 
was  accounted  the  seat  of  jiassion.  For  the  case,  G.  917.  —  30.  o-vyxdpiiOi : 
congratulate  nie.  From  <ru7xatpw. — 31.  Kcpas  :  boiv  (made  of  horn).  —  32. 
KapSlav :  G.  1058. 

33.     Cupid  and  the  Bee- 
Metre:  same  as  in  No.  7. 
Metrical  versions  :  Tonison,  p.  17  ;  Appleton,  p.  321  :  Moore,  Ode  35. 

4.  iraTaxOtts  :  stung,  from  Trardtrcrw,  strike.  —  5.  rds  :  Dori(;  genitive.  —  6. 
irfTao-Gcts  :  tvith  outstretched  arms,  iroin  TrfTduvv/xi.  —  14.  iroveC:  causes  pain. 
15.    8oK£is  :  think  you.     Used  parenthetically. 


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